Influence of prenatal air pollutant and stress exposures on sleep outcomes in urban preschool-aged children

产前空气污染物和压力暴露对城市学龄前儿童睡眠结局的影响

• 批准号: 9982423
• 负责人: Sonali Bose
• 金额: $ 84.51万
• 依托单位: ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-07-24 至 2024-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9982423
• 关键词: 5 year old; Accelerometer; Accounting; Affect; African American; Age; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Behavioral; Biological; Chemicals; Child; Childhood; Chronic; Cognitive; Complex; Development; Dose; Environmental Risk Factor; Ethnic Origin; Etiology; Event; Exposure to; Fetus; Foundations; Growth and Development function; Hair; Health; High Prevalence; Home environment; Hydrocortisone; Intervention; Joints; Latino; Lead; Life; Link; Longitudinal prospective study; Low income; Measures; Mediating; Modeling; Modification; Mothers; Neuraxis; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurotoxins; Nursery Schools; Outcome; Parents; Particulate Matter; Phenotype; Physical environment; Pollution; Polysomnography; Predisposition; Pregnancy; Problem behavior; Process; Prospective Studies; Psychological Stress; Psychosocial Stress; Questionnaires; Race; Reporting; Risk; Role; Sleep; Sleep Architecture; Sleep Disorders; Sleep disturbances; Social Environment; Socioeconomic Status; Standardization; Statistical Methods; Stress; Temperament; Toxicant exposure; Trauma; adequate sleep; aged; antepartum depression; base; biological adaptation to stress; cohort; critical period; depressive symptoms; diaries; early childhood; ethnic difference; ethnic minority population; fetal; fine particles; health disparity; in utero; indexing; infancy; infant temperament; insight; intergenerational; low socioeconomic status; maternal stress; negative affect; neurodevelopment; neurodevelopmental effect; physical conditioning; pollutant; post-traumatic symptoms; postnatal; prenatal; prenatal exposure; prenatal influence; prenatal stress; prevent; psychobiologic; psychologic; racial and ethnic; relating to nervous system; sex; sleep behavior; sleep onset; sleep regulation; social; stressor; trait; urban dwelling

Project Summary/Abstract Sleep problems are one of the most common health concerns among parents of young children. Adequate sleep is important to normal growth and development and persistent early childhood sleep problems impact a host of behavioral, cognitive, and physical health outcomes, with potential lifelong consequences. Studies demonstrate a higher prevalence of sleep disturbances in racial/ethnic minorities, particularly African Americans and Latinos when compared to whites, independent of socioeconomic status. The etiology of sleep difficulties emerging in early life, as well as observed disparities, remain largely unknown. Sleep can be conceptualized as “a complex phenotype of developmental neural plasticity”. Development of the neural architecture of sleep begins in utero, through a sequence of carefully orchestrated stages. When the fetus is exposed to environmental neurotoxins, central nervous system programming, including the neural connectivity framework involved in sleep regulation, can be disrupted resulting in altered sleep architecture and efficiency in early childhood. Associations between prenatal neurotoxins and postnatal sleep disorders may depend on timing of exposure as well as dose. Candidate neurotoxins include prenatal exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and maternal stress. Moreover, effects of prenatal pollution can be enhanced by concomitant exposure to stress. Neurodevelopmental effects of in utero exposure to ambient air pollutants can be further modified by race/ethnicity or fetal sex. Early life temperament traits are also important determinants of emerging behavior problems including disordered sleep, with studies showing both mediating and moderating effects on associations between environmental risk factors and sleep behaviors. We leverage a longitudinal urban multi-ethnic pregnancy cohort (n=450 mother-child pairs), with detailed characterization of prenatal exposure to ambient PM2.5, maternal psychological stress (lifetime and current adverse life events, maternal psychological functioning, and biological stress response indexed by maternal hair cortisol), and infant temperament, to begin to examine associations among these factors and childhood sleep outcomes. This initiative will support sleep phenotyping at age 4-5 years, ascertained through standardized parent- reported sleep questionnaires/diaries, wearable accelerometers, and in-home polysomnography (PSG) in order to: (1) examine associations between prenatal PM2.5 exposure and adverse child sleep outcomes, accounting for timing of exposure; (2) examine whether maternal stress and psychobiological correlates, assessed in pregnancy, considered independently and as mixtures, predict adverse child sleep outcomes; (3) examine whether PM2.5 effects are modified by prenatal stress; (4) explore whether these associations are further modified by i) race/ethnicity or ii) fetal sex; and (5) examine whether prenatal air pollution and/or stress effects are mediated and/or modified by difficult temperament in infancy. Findings may begin to elucidate how interactions among social and physical environments contribute to early childhood sleep disparities.

项目总结/文摘