Influence of prenatal air pollutant and stress exposures on sleep outcomes in urban preschool-aged children

产前空气污染物和压力暴露对城市学龄前儿童睡眠结局的影响

• 批准号: 10658978
• 负责人: Sonali Bose
• 金额: $ 84.16万
• 依托单位: ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-07-24 至 2024-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10658978
• 关键词: 5 year old; Accelerometer; Accounting; Affect; African American population; Age; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Behavioral; Biological; Central Nervous System; Chemicals; Child; Childhood; Chronic; Cognitive; Complex; Development; Disparity; Dose; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Ethnic Origin; Etiology; Event; Exposure to; Fetus; Growth and Development function; Hair; Health; High Prevalence; Home; Hydrocortisone; Intervention; Joints; Latino Population; Life; Link; Low income; Measures; Mediating; Modeling; Modification; Mothers; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurotoxins; Nursery Schools; Outcome; Parents; Particulate Matter; Phenotype; Physical environment; Pollution; Polysomnography; Predisposition; Pregnancy; Problem behavior; Process; Prospective Studies; Psychological Stress; Psychosocial Stress; Questionnaires; Race; Reporting; Risk; Role; School-Age Population; Sleep; Sleep Architecture; Sleep Disorders; Sleep disturbances; Social Environment; Socioeconomic Status; Standardization; Statistical Methods; Stress; Temperament; Toxicant exposure; Trauma; adequate sleep; antepartum depression; biological adaptation to stress; cohort; critical period; depressive symptoms; diaries; early childhood; ethnic difference; ethnic minority; ethnic minority population; fetal; fine particles; health disparity; in utero; indexing; infancy; infant temperament; insight; intergenerational; longitudinal, prospective study; low socioeconomic status; maternal stress; multi-ethnic; negative affect; neural; neurodevelopment; neurodevelopmental effect; physical conditioning; pollutant; poor sleep; post-traumatic symptoms; postnatal; prenatal; prenatal exposure; prenatal influence; prenatal stress; prevent; psychobiologic; psychologic; racial difference; racial minority; sex; sleep behavior; sleep difficulty; sleep onset; sleep regulation; social; stressor; trait; urban dwelling

Project Summary/Abstract Sleep problems are one of the most common health concerns among parents of young children. Adequate sleep is important to normal growth and development and persistent early childhood sleep problems impact a host of behavioral, cognitive, and physical health outcomes, with potential lifelong consequences. Studies demonstrate a higher prevalence of sleep disturbances in racial/ethnic minorities, particularly African Americans and Latinos when compared to whites, independent of socioeconomic status. The etiology of sleep difficulties emerging in early life, as well as observed disparities, remain largely unknown. Sleep can be conceptualized as “a complex phenotype of developmental neural plasticity”. Development of the neural architecture of sleep begins in utero, through a sequence of carefully orchestrated stages. When the fetus is exposed to environmental neurotoxins, central nervous system programming, including the neural connectivity framework involved in sleep regulation, can be disrupted resulting in altered sleep architecture and efficiency in early childhood. Associations between prenatal neurotoxins and postnatal sleep disorders may depend on timing of exposure as well as dose. Candidate neurotoxins include prenatal exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and maternal stress. Moreover, effects of prenatal pollution can be enhanced by concomitant exposure to stress. Neurodevelopmental effects of in utero exposure to ambient air pollutants can be further modified by race/ethnicity or fetal sex. Early life temperament traits are also important determinants of emerging behavior problems including disordered sleep, with studies showing both mediating and moderating effects on associations between environmental risk factors and sleep behaviors. We leverage a longitudinal urban multi-ethnic pregnancy cohort (n=450 mother-child pairs), with detailed characterization of prenatal exposure to ambient PM2.5, maternal psychological stress (lifetime and current adverse life events, maternal psychological functioning, and biological stress response indexed by maternal hair cortisol), and infant temperament, to begin to examine associations among these factors and childhood sleep outcomes. This initiative will support sleep phenotyping at age 4-5 years, ascertained through standardized parent- reported sleep questionnaires/diaries, wearable accelerometers, and in-home polysomnography (PSG) in order to: (1) examine associations between prenatal PM2.5 exposure and adverse child sleep outcomes, accounting for timing of exposure; (2) examine whether maternal stress and psychobiological correlates, assessed in pregnancy, considered independently and as mixtures, predict adverse child sleep outcomes; (3) examine whether PM2.5 effects are modified by prenatal stress; (4) explore whether these associations are further modified by i) race/ethnicity or ii) fetal sex; and (5) examine whether prenatal air pollution and/or stress effects are mediated and/or modified by difficult temperament in infancy. Findings may begin to elucidate how interactions among social and physical environments contribute to early childhood sleep disparities.

项目概要/摘要 睡眠问题是幼儿父母最常见的健康问题之一。足够的 睡眠对于正常的生长和发育很重要，持续的幼儿睡眠问题会影响孩子的健康。 一系列行为、认知和身体健康结果，具有潜在的终生后果。研究 表明少数种族/族裔（尤其是非洲人）睡眠障碍的患病率较高 与白人相比，美国人和拉丁裔美国人与社会经济地位无关。睡眠的病因学 早年生活中出现的困难以及观察到的差异在很大程度上仍然未知。睡觉还可以 概念化为“发育神经可塑性的复杂表型”。神经的发育 睡眠的结构从子宫内开始，经历一系列精心策划的阶段。当胎儿在 暴露于环境神经毒素，中枢神经系统编程，包括神经连接 参与睡眠调节的框架可能会被破坏，从而导致睡眠结构和效率的改变 幼儿期。产前神经毒素与产后睡眠障碍之间的关联可能取决于 暴露时间和剂量。候选神经毒素包括产前接触环境粉尘 颗粒物 (PM2.5) 和产妇压力。此外，产前污染的影响可以通过以下方式增强： 同时承受压力。子宫内暴露于环境空气污染物对神经发育的影响 可以通过种族/民族或胎儿性别进一步修改。早年的气质特征也是重要的决定因素 包括睡眠障碍在内的新出现的行为问题，研究表明调解和 对环境风险因素和睡眠行为之间关联的调节作用。我们利用一个 纵向城市多民族妊娠队列（n = 450对母子），详细描述了 产前暴露于环境 PM2.5、产妇心理压力（一生和当前的不良生活事件、 产妇心理功能和以产妇头发皮质醇为指标的生物应激反应），以及 婴儿气质，开始检查这些因素与儿童睡眠结果之间的关联。 该计划将支持 4-5 岁的睡眠表型分析，通过标准化的家长测试来确定。 报告了睡眠问卷/日记、可穿戴加速计和家用多导睡眠图 (PSG) 为了：(1) 检查产前 PM2.5 暴露与不良儿童睡眠结果之间的关联， 考虑暴露时间； (2) 检查母亲的压力和心理生物学是否相关， 在怀孕期间进行评估，独立考虑和混合考虑，预测不良的儿童睡眠结果； (3) 检查 PM2.5 的影响是否会因产前压力而改变； (4) 探讨这些关联是否 进一步通过 i) 种族/民族或 ii) 胎儿性别进行修改； (5) 检查产前空气污染和/或压力是否 婴儿期的困难气质会介导和/或改变这种影响。研究结果可能会开始阐明如何 社会和物理环境之间的相互作用导致幼儿睡眠差异。