Mechanisms Underlying Sexual Minority Health Disparities in the United States

美国性少数群体健康差异的潜在机制

• 批准号: 10200871
• 负责人: Claire M Kamp Dush
• 金额: $ 43.86万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-14 至 2023-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10200871
• 关键词: Adult; American; Area; Car Phone; Child; Child Welfare; Chronic; Climate; Clinical; Collection; Color; Communities; Complex; Couples; Data; Data Collection; Development; Discrimination; Economically Deprived Population; Employment; Evidence based intervention; Family; Family Research; Family dynamics; Family health status; Gender; Goals; Health; Health behavior; Individual; Institute of Medicine (U.S.); Lead; Legal; Link; Marriage; Masks; Measures; Mediating; Mediator of activation protein; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Methods; Minority; Mission; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; Personal Satisfaction; Policies; Politics; Population; Process; Public Health; Race; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Respondent; Role; Sampling; Science; Sexual Health; Stress; Survey Methodology; Surveys; Testing; Theoretical model; Time; United States; Work; aged; cisgender; community setting; data resource; design; diaries; emotion regulation; ethnic minority population; experience; health care availability; health disparity; improved; innovation; intersectionality; lens; member; minority health; physical conditioning; population based; protective factors; racial minority; recruit; sexual minority; social stigma; time use

Project Summary/Abstract Families headed by sexual and gender minorities are a growing segment of the population, yet sexual and gender minority health disparities in areas including self-rated health, chronic conditions, health behaviors, and depression persist. Minority stress has been implicated as a key cause of health problems, and family functioning, emotion regulation, couple-level minority stress, and community contexts have been identified as potential mechanisms underlying these associations. Contemporary theoretical models have yet to be tested due to a lack of data, and further, this lack of data has made studies of the intersection of racial and ethnic minority stress with sexual and gender minority stress difficult. This project will produce the first population- representative, multi-method, fully-powered study of cohabiting and married sexual and gender minorities and their partners, and a comparison sample of cis-gender individuals in different-gender unions. Aim 1. Evaluate whether and how family functioning (e.g. relationship quality) mediates the negative effects of stress due to discrimination on physical and mental health and health behaviors. Aim 2. Using an experience sampling method embedded in a time-diary, examine 1) the mediating role of emotion regulation, and 2) dyadic stress processes in the association between stress and subsequent health behaviors and time-use among same- gender couples. Aim 3. Investigate the association between community-level factors including economic disadvantage, access to healthcare, and the sexual and gender minority political climate (i.e. state employment protections) and sexual and gender minorities’ physical and mental health and health behaviors. Aim 4. Determine race and ethnic health gaps among sexual [and gender] minorities and evaluate potential protective factors that may minimize these gaps. We will recruit 2690 US adults aged 18 to 60 who are cohabiting or married to same- and different-gender partners, along with their partners. The sample will include an oversample of respondents of color. Population-representative Gallup samples afford a unique and efficient opportunity to study sexual and gender minorities who are in unions via targeted sampling. Using a mobile phone application platform, we will also collect time-diary and experience sampling method data. The primary significance of this project is 1) the identification of family functioning and emotion regulation as mediators of sexual and gender minority stress due to stigma and discrimination and poor physical and psychological health and health behaviors, and 2) the collection of dyadic data that will elucidate dyadic minority stress processes. The proposed research is innovative because it is the first contemporary, population-representative study of sexual and gender minority health that includes family functioning, emotion regulation, and dyadic data and an oversample of racial and ethnic minorities. These data will help researchers better understand how to improve the health of sexual and gender minorities by illuminating potential mechanisms underlying health disparities. Data will be available to scholars across the world through ICPSR and the American Heritage Time Use Study.

项目总结/摘要 由性和性别少数群体担任户主的家庭在人口中所占比例越来越大，但性和性别少数群体的比例仍然很低。 少数性别在自测健康、慢性病、健康行为等领域的健康差异， 抑郁症持续存在。少数族裔的压力被认为是健康问题和家庭问题的关键原因 功能，情绪调节，夫妇水平的少数民族压力，和社区环境已被确定为 这些关联背后的潜在机制。当代的理论模型还有待检验 由于缺乏数据，而且由于缺乏数据， 少数民族压力与性和性别少数民族压力难。这个项目将产生第一批人口- 对同居和已婚的性和性别少数群体进行有代表性的、多方法的、全面的研究， 他们的合作伙伴，并在不同性别的工会顺性别的个人的比较样本。目标1。评价 家庭功能（例如关系质量）是否以及如何介导压力的负面影响， 对身心健康和健康行为的歧视。目标二。使用经验抽样 方法嵌入在一个时间日记，检查1）情绪调节的中介作用，和2）二元压力 压力与随后的健康行为和时间使用之间的关联过程， 性伴侣目标3.调查社区一级因素之间的关联，包括经济 弱势群体、获得医疗保健的机会以及性和性别少数群体的政治气候（即国家就业） 保护）和性和性别少数群体的身心健康和健康行为。目标4。 确定性[和性别]少数群体之间的种族和民族健康差距，并评估潜在的保护性措施。 这些因素可以缩小这些差距。我们将招募2690名年龄在18岁至60岁之间的美国成年人， 与同性和异性伴侣结婚，沿着他们的伴侣。样本将包括一个 有色人种的受访者人数过多。人口代表性的盖洛普样本提供了一个独特的和有效的 有机会通过有针对性的抽样来研究性和性别少数群体。使用移动的 手机应用平台，我们还将收集时间日志和经验抽样方法的数据。主 本项目的意义在于：1）确定家庭功能和情绪调节作为 性和性别少数群体由于耻辱和歧视以及身心健康不良而受到压力 和健康行为，以及2）收集的二元数据，将阐明二元少数压力过程。 这项研究是创新的，因为它是第一个当代的，人口代表性的研究， 性和性别少数群体的健康，包括家庭功能，情绪调节，和二元数据和 对少数民族和种族的过度抽样。这些数据将帮助研究人员更好地了解如何提高 性和性别少数群体的健康，阐明潜在的健康差距的机制。 数据将通过ICPSR和美国遗产时间使用研究提供给世界各地的学者。