Midlife cognitive aging in Hispanic/Latinos: Predictors and mechanisms of decline

西班牙裔/拉丁裔中年认知衰老：衰退的预测因素和机制

• 批准号: 10204869
• 负责人: RICHARD W ROBINS
• 金额: $ 73.97万
• 依托单位: FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-30 至 2023-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10204869
• 关键词: Acculturation; Adherence; Adult; Age; Aging; Alzheimer' s Disease; Alzheimer' s disease related dementia; Alzheimer' s disease risk; Behavioral; Biological Markers; Brain; California; Caregivers; Clinical; Cognition; Cognitive; Cognitive aging; Communities; Community Healthcare; Complex; Data Collection; Dementia; Diagnosis; Discrimination; Economics; Education; Elderly; Ethnic group; Face; Family; Financial Hardship; Funding; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Goals; Growth; Health; Healthcare Systems; Hispanics; Impaired cognition; Individual; Inflammation; Intervention; Knowledge; Latino; Longevity; Longitudinal Studies; Maintenance; Measures; Mediating; Mexican; Neurotic Disorders; Not Hispanic or Latino; Outcome; Participant; Pathway interactions; Patients; Pattern; Performance; Personality; Physical activity; Physiological; Plant Roots; Population; Population Process; Prevalence; Prevention; Process; Research; Risk; Risk Factors; Sampling; Smoking; Social Interaction; Social support; Stress; Testing; Time; United States; Work; cognitive function; cognitive testing; cost shifting; cultural values; dementia risk; depressive symptoms; discounting; disorder risk; disparity reduction; economic cost; ethnic difference; experience; health disparity; higher education; loved ones; middle age; mild cognitive impairment; modifiable risk; neuropathology; physical inactivity; predictive test; pressure; prevent; preventive intervention; processing speed; programs; protective factors; psychosocial; resilience; social; social determinants; social disparities; social integration; socioeconomics; trend

PROJECT SUMMARY Individuals from Hispanic/Latino backgrounds have a 50% increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) compared to non-Hispanic white individuals. With the changing demographic trends in the United States, the prevalence of AD in the Hispanic/Latino population is expected to increase nine fold over the next 50 years. In addition to the patient, the burden of AD takes a significant toll on the families of loved ones with dementia, their communities, and the healthcare system. The difference in prevalence of AD is rooted in social disparities rather than differences in genetic vulnerability between Hispanic/Latino and white populations. It is critical to identify the specific social determinants in Hispanic/Latino populations that can be leveraged to develop culturally informed interventions that aim to maintain cognitive health and slow or prevent the progression toward mild cognitive impairment and clinical dementia. Midlife is a particularly important, yet understudied, period of the lifespan for cognitive aging. Prevention and intervention efforts are likely to be more effective if started before significant neuropathology accumulates in the brain. The objective of this proposal is to identify midlife factors and associated processes that contribute to health disparities in cognitive decline and risk of dementia. We will leverage an existing longitudinal study of midlife adults – the California Families Project – to couple more than 10 years of repeated assessments across middle adulthood with new data collection on the risk/protective factors and cognitive outcomes. This project will test socioeconomic (e.g., education, financial hardship), personality (e.g., neuroticism, conscientiousness), social (e.g., discrimination, social support), and acculturation (e.g., cultural values, acculturative stress) risk/protective factors for cognitive functioning in midlife Hispanic/Latino adults and the behavioral (e.g., physical inactivity, smoking), psychosocial (e.g., depressive symptoms, delay discounting), and physiological (e.g., inflammation, cellular biomarkers) mechanisms that explain these associations. This work will lead to new knowledge on midlife predictors of cognition and risk of AD, identify social determinants and pathways that create and sustain health disparities for Hispanic/Latino populations, and point to new prevention and intervention targets for promoting healthy cognitive aging in midlife and beyond.

项目摘要 来自西班牙裔/拉丁裔背景的人患阿尔茨海默病（AD）的风险增加50% 与非西班牙裔白色人相比。随着美国人口趋势的变化， 在未来50年中，西班牙裔/拉丁裔人群中AD的患病率预计将增加9倍。在 除了患者之外，AD的负担还对患有痴呆症的亲人的家庭造成重大损失， 他们的社区和医疗系统。AD患病率的差异根源于社会差异 而不是西班牙裔/拉丁裔和白色人群之间遗传脆弱性的差异。至关重要 确定西班牙裔/拉丁裔人口中可用于发展的特定社会决定因素 文化上知情的干预措施，旨在维持认知健康，减缓或防止进展 轻度认知障碍和临床痴呆症。中年是一个特别重要的，但研究不足， 认知老化的寿命周期。预防和干预工作可能会更有效， 在大脑中积累大量神经病变之前就开始了。本建议的目的是确定 中年因素和相关过程导致认知能力下降和 痴呆我们将利用现有的中年人纵向研究-加州家庭项目- 在成年中期进行了超过10年的重复评估，并收集了关于 风险/保护因素和认知结果。该项目将测试社会经济（例如，教育，金融 困难），个性（例如，神经质，焦虑），社交（例如，歧视、社会支持），以及 文化适应（例如，文化价值观，文化适应压力）中年认知功能的风险/保护因素 西班牙裔/拉丁裔成年人和行为（例如，缺乏身体活动、吸烟），心理社会（例如，抑郁 症状、延迟折扣）和生理（例如，炎症、细胞生物标志物）机制， 解释这些关联。这项工作将导致对中年认知和风险预测的新知识， AD，确定造成和维持西班牙裔/拉丁裔健康差距的社会决定因素和途径 人口，并指出新的预防和干预目标，以促进健康的认知老化， 中年及以后