The origins of neuronal correlations in cerebral cortex

大脑皮层神经元相关性的起源

• 批准号: 10205571
• 负责人: DAVID J HEEGER
• 金额: $ 198.06万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-04-15 至 2024-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10205571
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Attention; Automobile Driving; Behavior; Binding; Brain; Brain Diseases; Cells; Cerebral cortex; Cognitive; Data; Diagnosis; Electroencephalography; Electrophysiology (science); Family; Image; Interneurons; Laser Scanning Microscopy; Link; Macaca; Measurement; Measures; Methodology; Modeling; Monkeys; Motor; Mus; Nervous system structure; Neurons; Optical Methods; Periodicity; Play; Population; Property; Pyramidal Cells; Recurrence; Role; Sampling; Sensory; Signal Transduction; Silicon; Speed; Stimulus; Testing; Training; V1 neuron; Variant; Vision; Visual; Visual Cortex; area MT; brain cell; cell type; experimental study; hippocampal pyramidal neuron; improved; insight; multi-electrode arrays; neuronal circuitry; nonhuman primate; optogenetics; orientation selectivity; preference; response; two-photon; visual stimulus

Project Summary Here, we propose to thoroughly characterize the origins of pairwise correlations in cortex using a synergistic mix of experimental methodologies, behavior, and computation in mice and macaques. We will elucidate the mechanistic underpinnings of normalization and test our hypothesis that changes in cortical pairwise correlations and other signature arise from ongoing cortical computations. In Aim 1 we will record from populations of neurons in the middle temporal visual area of trained, behaving monkeys to test the hypothesis that pairwise spike correlations, gamma oscillation and transient responses at the onset of visual stimuli arise in part from the dynamics of the circuits that normalize neuronal responses. These tests require measurements with a precision that is not feasible in mice. Conversely, the experiments in Aim 2 and 3 address questions that are not feasible in monkeys. In Aim 2 we will exploit the accessibility of mouse visual cortex by using both two-photon laser scanning microscopy and multielectrode arrays to comprehensively measure the relationship between normalization and pairwise correlations in populations of V1 neurons and measure how spatial separation within cerebral cortex affects that relationship. Finally, in Aim 3 we will establish the contributions of specific cell classes to normalization and pairwise correlations in mouse V1. We record the activity of pyramidal neurons and the three most thoroughly characterized classes of cortical interneuron (VIP, SST and PV) during normalization. We will then separately manipulate the activity of these cells classes to revealing the role that changes to the ratio of excitation and inhibition play in driving normalization. In this way, we will establish the role these neurons play in changing pairwise correlations within the excitatory pool of neurons. Results from all three Aims will be tied together using a new family of dynamic, recurrent circuit models of normalization to formalize the hypothesis that normalization imposes pairwise correlations and other activity signatures, and will use experimental data to constrain and refine these models.

项目概要 在这里，我们建议使用协同组合来彻底表征皮层中成对相关性的起源 小鼠和猕猴的实验方法、行为和计算。我们将阐明 标准化的机制基础并检验我们的假设：皮质成对相关性发生变化 和其他特征来自正在进行的皮质计算。在目标 1 中，我们将从神经元群体中记录 在训练有素的猴子的中颞视觉区域，测试成对尖峰的假设 视觉刺激开始时的相关性、伽玛振荡和瞬态反应部分来自于 使神经元反应正常化的电路的动力学。这些测试需要精确的测量 这在小鼠身上是不可行的。相反，目标 2 和 3 中的实验解决了不可行的问题 在猴子中。在目标 2 中，我们将通过使用双光子激光来利用小鼠视觉皮层的可访问性 扫描显微镜和多电极阵列综合测量之间的关系 V1 神经元群体中的归一化和成对相关性，并测量内部的空间分离程度 大脑皮层影响这种关系。最后，在目标 3 中，我们将确定特定细胞类别的贡献 小鼠 V1 中的归一化和成对相关性。我们记录锥体神经元的活动 正常化期间三种最彻底表征的皮质中间神经元（VIP、SST 和 PV）类别。我们 然后将分别操纵这些细胞类别的活动，以揭示比率变化的作用 兴奋和抑制在驱动正常化中发挥作用。通过这种方式，我们将确定这些神经元所扮演的角色 改变兴奋性神经元池内的成对相关性。所有三个目标的结果都将是平局 一起使用一系列新的动态、循环归一化电路模型来形式化以下假设： 标准化强加成对相关性和其他活动特征，并将使用实验数据 约束和完善这些模型。