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Sympathetic nervous system mediation of acute exercise effects on childhood brain and cognition

交感神经系统介导急性运动对儿童大脑和认知的影响

基本信息

批准号：
10207700
负责人：
CHARLES H HILLMAN
金额：
$ 42.77万
依托单位：
NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-09-15 至 2023-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10207700
关键词：
Academic achievement Achievement Acute Adolescence Adoption Adrenal Cortex Adult Aerobic Exercise Arithmetic Arousal Attention Behavior Behavioral Biological Biological Markers Brain Cardiovascular Diseases Child Childhood Chronic Disease Cognition Cognitive Collaborations Collection Cross-Over Trials Crossover Design Data Databases Developed Countries Educational Models Enzymes Event Exercise Glucocorticoids Goals Health Health Campaign Hour Human Hydrocortisone Individual Industrialization International Laboratories Lead Link Literature Longevity Mathematics Measures Mediating Mediation Mediator of activation protein Modeling Molecular Morbidity - disease rate Nature Neurocognition Neurocognitive Neurophysiology - biologic function Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus Norepinephrine Obesity Overweight Performance Phase Physical activity Plasma Prefrontal Cortex Prevalence Psychosocial Stress Public Health Randomized Reading Recording of previous events Research Resources Rest Role Salivary Salivary Glands Schools Series Short-Term Memory Source Standardization Stress Students Surrogate Markers Sympathetic Nervous System Testing Time Trier Social Stress Test achievement test alpha-amylase base behavioral outcome biological adaptation to stress brain health executive function experience experimental study fighting flexibility improved improved functioning information processing learning strategy locus ceruleus structure mortality neuroimaging norepinephrine system pandemic disease performance tests phase change physical conditioning physical inactivity psychosocial stressors relating to nervous system response school district trend

项目摘要

Project Summary/Abstract Despite widespread public health campaigns, children have become increasingly inactive, leading to public health concerns for children of industrialized nations. In addition to physical health issues (e.g., the recent obesity pandemic), physical inactivity has been related to decreased cognitive and academic performance, with a wealth of literature indicating that physical activity is positively related to brain and cognition. The significance of this proposal lies in uncovering a biomarker that links the beneficial effects of a single bout of aerobic exercise to childhood brain, cognition, and academic achievement. To date, no such explanatory mechanism has been demonstrated in the literature. Given the importance of physical activity to brain health and cognition, we propose to investigate phasic shifts in sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity using the biomarker salivary alpha-amylase (sAA), as a potential mechanism mediating the beneficial effect of a single bout of exercise on brain, cognition, and achievement in children using a randomized crossover design. sAA is phasically increased during physical and psychosocial stress as part of the first wave of the `fight or flight' response. Stress-induced modulation of sAA has been related to alterations in prefrontally-mediated executive control functions (i.e., inhibition, working memory, cognitive flexibility) and academic achievement in children. This proposal aims to study phasic shifts in sAA following a bout of aerobic exercise, and relate such changes to measures of brain function (i.e., the P3 component of an event-related brain potential), executive control, and performance on standardized achievement tests of reading and arithmetic. In this regard, the proposed research will be the among the first to investigate the molecular underpinnings of the acute exercise-induced changes in cognition and brain in children through a combination of molecular, neuroimaging, behavioral, and academic achievement measures. Through the collection of salivary, neuroimaging, and behavioral outcomes in the proposed randomized crossover experiments, we can begin to establish the multidimensional nature of the transient effects of a single bout of exercise on the underlying molecular and neural changes that promote cognitive health and academic achievement during childhood. Findings consistent with our general hypothesis, that the SNS mediates exercise effects on brain, cognition, and achievement, has considerable implications for understanding factors that lead to maximizing physical health, neurocognitive function, and the educational experience. Such empirical support stands to benefit educational practices and current methods of learning, and provides the necessary `hard evidence' to promote the adoption of exercise during the school day to improve the cognitive health and scholastic performance of a broad range of children. Accordingly, the proposed research is not only aimed at determining a mechanism underlying the effects of a single bout of exercise on cognitive and brain health, but also at curbing the public health issue of inactivity that is decreasing the health, wellness, and academic potential of our nation's children.

项目总结/文摘