Supporting COVID-19 prevention and testing for marginalized and minoritized youth and young adults

支持边缘化和少数群体青年和年轻人的 COVID-19 预防和检测

• 批准号: 10230745
• 负责人: Gregory L. Phillips
• 金额: $ 60.09万
• 依托单位: NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-03-01 至 2023-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10230745
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Age; Alcohols; Asthma; Attention; Attitude; Awareness; Behavior; Behavioral; Businesses; COVID-19; COVID-19 pandemic; Caring; Chicago; Communities; Contracts; Coping Behavior; Coronavirus; Discrimination; Disease; Disease Outbreaks; Economics; Elderly; Ensure; Epidemiology; Ethnic Origin; Family; Gender Identity; Geography; Government; Grant; Guidelines; HIV; HIV risk; Health; Health Insurance; Health Promotion; Health behavior; Healthcare; Heterosexuals; High Prevalence; Home environment; Homo; Incidence; Individual; Infection; Intervention; Interview; Knowledge; Lead; Link; Masks; Measures; Methods; Minority; Minority Groups; Modeling; Modification; Morbidity - disease rate; Motivation; Native-Born; Outcome; Pattern; Policies; Population; Positioning Attribute; Prevalence; Prevention; Preventive; Quarantine; Race; Recording of previous events; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Role; Schools; Sex Orientation; Sexual and Gender Minorities; Smoking; Social Distance; Social Marketing; Social Network; Stress; Structure; Surveys; Targeted Research; Testing; Text Messaging; United States; Universities; Utah; Vulnerable Populations; Work; Youth; aged; base; behavior test; cisgender; community organizations; ethnic minority population; evidence base; experience; family support; health disparity; health equity; improved; infection rate; infection risk; member; minority communities; mortality; mortality risk; national surveillance; pandemic disease; peer; prevent; psychologic; racial and ethnic; racial and ethnic disparities; racism; recruit; research and development; response; scale up; sexual identity; sexual minority; skills; social; social stigma; surveillance data; therapy development; transmission process; transphobia; uptake; usability; vaping; young adult

PROJECT SUMMARY The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has had widespread social, psychological, and economic repercussions in the United States, along with devastating morbidity and mortality. However, these effects have not impacted all populations equally. Surveillance data show that racial/ethnic minorities, including Black, Latinx, and Indigenous populations, have been disproportionately burdened by both the disease and its financial and social consequences. Similarly, sexual and gender minority (SGM) groups, while not captured in national surveillance data, experience high levels of vulnerability, suggesting that they too may be experiencing higher rates of infection and related ramifications of COVID-19. Crucially, as the pandemic has continued to develop in the US, a greater number of cases have been identified among youth and young adults (YYA) aged 14-24 years, a population previously thought to be at low risk. Given the high mobility and lower perceived risk of this population, this may result in larger outbreaks not only within YYA, but also overall and in additional vulnerable groups. Therefore, understanding and increasing testing and preventive behaviors among YYA, especially vulnerable SGM YYA (SGMY) and racial/ethnic minority YYA (REMY), is necessary to stop further COVID-19 spread. Unfortunately, COVID-19 impacts, testing, and preventive behaviors in this population have remained markedly understudied. Critically, disparities in testing and preventive behaviors are highly influenced by outside factors. For example, experiences of stigma, at the individual, interpersonal, and structural level, may impact care engagement and prevention among marginalized populations. Furthermore, policy-level factors, including availability of tests, healthcare, governmental messaging, and re-opening patterns, are also likely to influence rates of testing and rates of infection. As such, given the dearth of information surrounding COVID-19 among SGMY and REMY, and the rising rates of infection in these groups, this project will use a geographically diverse quantitative survey to assess patterns and disparities in COVID- 19 testing and preventive behaviors longitudinally across 6 months, as well as the impact of multilevel factors, including stigma and policy. Informed by the results of this survey, and guided by the Information, Motivation, and Behavioral Skills (IMB) Model, we will use a mixed-methods approach to iteratively develop a community engaged, health messaging intervention tailored towards SGMY and REMY to increase testing and preventive behaviors, provisionally titled Prev_Cvd. This text messaging intervention will be pilot testied by 100 REMY and SGMY to refine content and determine feasibility and acceptability. Given the lack of messaging guidelines for this population, this will be the first evidence-based messaging intervention for COVID-19 prevention among YYA. Developing and pilot testing such an intervention with active input from the community will allow for the intervention, if effective, to be rapidly scaled up and widely implemented to address disparities in COVID-19 among YYA and reduce overall transmission.

项目摘要 新型冠状病毒（COVID-19）大流行造成了广泛的社会、心理和经济影响， 沿着毁灭性的发病率和死亡率。然而，这些影响 并没有平等地影响所有人口。监测数据显示，包括黑人在内的少数种族/族裔， 拉丁美洲人和土著居民，一直不成比例地负担这两种疾病及其 经济和社会后果。同样，性和性别少数群体，虽然没有包括在 国家监测数据显示，这些国家的脆弱性很高，这表明它们也可能正在经历 COVID-19的感染率和相关后果。至关重要的是，随着这一流行病继续蔓延， 在美国，更多的病例在青年和青年人（YYA）中被发现， 14-24岁，以前被认为是低风险的人群。考虑到高流动性和较低的感知风险 这可能导致更大的爆发，不仅在YYA内部，而且在整个人口中， 弱势群体因此，在YYA中了解和增加检测和预防行为， 特别是弱势的SGM YA（SGMY）和种族/少数民族YA（雷米），有必要进一步停止 COVID-19传播。不幸的是，COVID-19对这一人群的影响、检测和预防行为， 仍然被严重忽视。至关重要的是，在测试和预防行为的差异是高度 受外界因素影响。例如，在个人、人际和 在结构层面，这可能会影响边缘化人口的护理参与和预防。此外，委员会认为， 政策层面的因素，包括测试的可用性，医疗保健，政府信息和重新开放 模式也可能影响检测率和感染率。因此，鉴于缺乏 SGMY和雷米之间关于COVID-19的信息，以及这些群体中感染率的上升， 该项目将使用地理多样性定量调查来评估COVID的模式和差异， 19个测试和预防行为纵向跨越6个月，以及多层次因素的影响， 包括耻辱和政策。根据这项调查的结果，并在信息，动机， 和行为技能（IMB）模型，我们将使用混合方法迭代开发社区 参与，针对SGMY和雷米量身定制的健康信息干预，以增加检测和预防 行为，暂时命名为Prev_Cvd。这种短信干预将由100个雷米进行试点测试 和SGMY，以完善内容，并确定可行性和可接受性。由于缺乏信息指南， 对于这一人群，这将是预防COVID-19的第一个基于证据的信息干预 在YYA。在社区的积极投入下制定和试点测试这种干预措施， 如果干预措施有效，则应迅速扩大规模并广泛实施，以解决 COVID-19在YYA之间传播，减少整体传播。