The role of precarious work in the production of health disparities in older ages
不稳定工作在老年人健康差异中的作用
基本信息
- 批准号:10232073
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 34.5万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:
- 财政年份:2018
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2018-09-15 至 2024-06-30
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:AffectAgeAmericanAreaAutomationBusinessesCharacteristicsChronicColorContractsDataData SetData SourcesEconomic ConditionsEconomicsElderlyEmploymentEnvironmentEthnic OriginEuropeanFissuralFutureGenderGrowthHealthHealth behaviorImmigrantIndividualInterventionLabor UnionsLife Cycle StagesMeasurementMeasuresMediatingMediationMediator of activation proteinMental HealthModelingNational Longitudinal Survey of YouthNatureOccupationsOutcomePathway interactionsPatient Self-ReportPoliciesPopulationPositioning AttributePrevalenceProductionPsychosocial StressRecording of previous eventsReportingResearchRoleServicesSocial PoliciesTechniquesTimeWagesWomanWorkbasecareercohorthealth disparityhealthy lifestyleimprovedinsightmortalitymortality disparitynovelpanel study of income dynamicspopulation basedracial disparitysocial determinantstrendwork-study
项目摘要
ABSTRACT
Educational disparities in health have been persistent over time and space; however, evidence to explain these
disparities have been less forthcoming. The well-educated are thought to have better health for several
reasons: less chronic psychosocial stress, healthier lifestyles and better employment and economic conditions.
Our objective is to provide an in-depth exploration of the pathway through which employment impacts health,
using novel and sophisticated approaches to the conceptualization, measurement and analysis of precarious
work--poor employment conditions characterized by instability, lack of protection and insecurity--to better
understand its role in educational disparities in health. Given the modifiable nature of employment, we believe
work is a critical and deserving determinant for future study which is poised to improve the health of millions of
Americans. To examine the role of precarious work in explaining educational disparities in health, we will use
two complementary representative longitudinal data sources: the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth
(NLSY) with extensive data on the quality of employment and the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) with
a rich set of health indicators. The NLSY and PSID have been following a cohort of Americans for 40 and 50
years respectively. This project aims first, to construct a longitudinal work history, including metrics of
precarious work for PSID and NLSY cohorts. This will entail three different measurement approaches one of
which aims to create multidimensional clusters based on seven domains that have been theorized to reflect
precarious work. Multidimensional measures of precarity have not yet been evaluated for a cohort of US
workers nor with longitudinal data. Measures of precarity will also reflect current, cumulative and age-defined
(i.e. early-, mid- and late-career) time periods across the life course. Using these measures of precarity, the
study will evaluate the mediating role of precarious work in explaining educational disparities in self-reported
health (SRH), mental health, and mortality. Mediation analysis will be conducted using a cutting-edge causal
inference technique: mediational g-formula. In addition, the study seeks to compare the contribution of
precarious work relative to the contribution of other mediating pathways such as health behaviors and
hazardous working conditions in producing educational disparities in these same health outcomes. Lastly,
using a difference-in-difference approach the study will examine how state-level policies that affect precarious
work are associated with health disparities by examining the effects of two state-level policies (right to work
and minimum wage) on SRH, mental health, and mortality disparities by exploiting policy changes over time
and variability between states. Our study will provide insights into the importance of precarious work as a
pathway by which educational disparities in health are created and maintained. Given the modifiable nature of
work this study has the potential to improve the health of millions of American workers.
摘要
健康方面的教育差距在时间和空间上一直存在;然而,解释这些差距的证据
差距不大。受过良好教育的人被认为有更好的健康,
原因是:慢性心理社会压力较小,生活方式更健康,就业和经济条件更好。
我们的目标是深入探讨就业影响健康的途径,
使用新颖和复杂的方法来概念化,测量和分析不稳定的
工作-以不稳定、缺乏保护和不安全为特点的恶劣就业条件-以改善
了解其在健康教育差距中的作用。鉴于就业的可变性,我们认为,
工作是未来研究的一个关键和值得的决定因素,这将改善数百万人的健康状况。
美国人为了研究不稳定工作在解释健康教育差异方面的作用,我们将使用
两个互补的代表性纵向数据来源:全国青年纵向调查
(NLSY)提供有关就业质量的广泛数据,以及收入动态小组研究(PSID),
丰富的健康指标。NLSY和PSID一直在跟踪一组40岁和50岁的美国人
年分别。该项目的目标首先是构建一个纵向的工作历史,包括
为PSID和NLSY同伙提供不稳定的工作。这将需要三种不同的衡量方法,
它旨在根据七个领域创建多维集群,
不稳定的工作尚未对美国队列研究中的多维度的前病变指标进行评估。
工人也没有纵向数据。不稳定性的衡量标准也将反映当前的、累积的和年龄定义的
(i.e.职业生涯早期、中期和晚期)的时间段。使用这些不稳定性的措施,
一项研究将评估不稳定工作在解释自我报告的教育差异方面的中介作用。
健康(SRH)、心理健康和死亡率。调解分析将使用一个尖端的因果关系进行
推理技术:中介g公式。此外,该研究还试图比较
不稳定的工作相对于其他中介途径的贡献,如健康行为和
危险的工作条件在这些相同的健康结果中产生教育差异。最后,
使用差异中的差异方法,该研究将研究如何影响不稳定的州一级政策,
通过研究两项州一级政策(工作权)的影响,
利用随着时间的推移政策的变化,
和国家之间的差异。我们的研究将深入了解不稳定工作作为一种职业的重要性
这是造成和维持健康教育差距的途径。鉴于可修改的性质,
这项研究有可能改善数百万美国工人的健康状况。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(5)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Retrospective cohort study of the association between maternal employment precarity and infant low birth weight in women in the USA.
美国妇女孕产妇就业不稳定与婴儿低出生体重之间关系的回顾性队列研究。
- DOI:10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029584
- 发表时间:2020
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:2.9
- 作者:Patil,Divya;Enquobahrie,DanielA;Peckham,Trevor;Seixas,Noah;Hajat,Anjum
- 通讯作者:Hajat,Anjum
Changes in precarious employment in the United States: A longitudinal analysis.
- DOI:10.5271/sjweh.3939
- 发表时间:2021-04-01
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:Oddo VM;Zhuang CC;Andrea SB;Eisenberg-Guyot J;Peckham T;Jacoby D;Hajat A
- 通讯作者:Hajat A
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Anjum Hajat其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Anjum Hajat', 18)}}的其他基金
Action towards health equity and improved air quality in the Duwamish Valley: A multilevel asthma intervention
杜瓦米什山谷的健康公平和空气质量改善行动:多层次哮喘干预
- 批准号:
10562132 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
$ 34.5万 - 项目类别:
The role of the social environment in the association between air pollution and cardiovascular disease
社会环境在空气污染与心血管疾病关系中的作用
- 批准号:
10461159 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
$ 34.5万 - 项目类别:
The role of the social environment in the association between air pollution and cardiovascular disease
社会环境在空气污染与心血管疾病关系中的作用
- 批准号:
10284896 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
$ 34.5万 - 项目类别:
The role of precarious work in the production of health disparities in older ages
不稳定工作在老年人健康差异中的作用
- 批准号:
9589215 - 财政年份:2018
- 资助金额:
$ 34.5万 - 项目类别:
Interaction of Air Pollution and Psychosocial Stress on Cardiovascular Disease.
空气污染和心理社会压力对心血管疾病的相互作用。
- 批准号:
9267155 - 财政年份:2016
- 资助金额:
$ 34.5万 - 项目类别:
Interaction of Air Pollution and Psychosocial Stress on Cardiovascular Disease.
空气污染和心理社会压力对心血管疾病的相互作用。
- 批准号:
9206264 - 财政年份:2016
- 资助金额:
$ 34.5万 - 项目类别:
Interaction of Air Pollution and Psychosocial Stress on Cardiovascular Disease.
空气污染和心理社会压力对心血管疾病的相互作用。
- 批准号:
8616947 - 财政年份:2014
- 资助金额:
$ 34.5万 - 项目类别:
Interaction of Air Pollution and Psychosocial Stress on Cardiovascular Disease.
空气污染和心理社会压力对心血管疾病的相互作用。
- 批准号:
8813573 - 财政年份:2014
- 资助金额:
$ 34.5万 - 项目类别:
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