Woods Hole Center for Oceans and Human Health

伍兹霍尔海洋与人类健康中心

• 批准号: 10425859
• 负责人: JOHN J STEGEMAN
• 金额: $ 8.46万
• 依托单位: WOODS HOLE OCEANOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-30 至 2023-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10425859
• 关键词: Achievement; Address; Adult; Affect; Area; Awareness; Behavioral; Brain; Cells; Climate; Collaborations; Communication; Community Health; Companions; Data; Detection; Development; Ecosystem; Education; Educational Materials; Ensure; Environmental Risk Factor; Evaluation; Exposure to; Fostering; Future; Goals; Growth; Habitats; Health; Human; In Situ; Infrastructure; K-12 Education; Knowledge; Laboratory Study; Life; Life Cycle Stages; Link; Maine; Microscope; Mission; Modeling; Molecular; Neuraxis; Neurotoxins; Oceans; Organism; Paralysed; Pattern; Performance; Physiological; Poisoning; Population; Population Dynamics; Prevalence; Process; Proxy; Public Health; Records; Recurrence; Regulation; Research; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Resources; Risk; Running; Sampling; Saxitoxin; Seafood; Shellfish; Structure; Students; Syndrome; Targeted Toxins; Technology; Toxic effect; Toxin; Uncertainty; Variant; Wood material; Zebrafish; climate change; climate data; climate impact; climate variability; community engagement; developmental toxicology; domoic acid; exposed human population; future climate scenario; harmful algal blooms; improved; insight; mortality; myelination; neurodevelopmental effect; neurotoxicity; novel; oligodendrocyte myelination; outreach; predictive modeling; programs; response; sensor; simulation; skills

The Woods Hole Center for Oceans and Human Health (WHCOHH) will comprise a strong and integrated set of research projects using novel in situ sampling technologies and modeling approaches to address harmful algal bloom (HAB) dynamics, and mechanistic studies to expand understanding of HAB toxin effects. The overall objective is to protect the public health through enhanced understanding of how oceanic and environmental processes affect the population dynamics of toxin-producing organisms, and the risks from exposure to their potent neurotoxins, a serious and potentially growing human health threat. The Center will focus on two key HAB taxa: Alexandrium fundyense that produces the saxitoxins responsible for paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP), and Pseudo-nitzschia spp. that produce domoic acid responsible for amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP) syndrome. Novel, targeted, efficient, and data-rich sampling approaches developed by the applicants and applied in situ have revealed that critical aspects of A. fundyense dynamics in natural settings differ dramatically from those inferred from laboratory studies, and identified plasticity in these processes. Project 1 will examine the physiological and behavioral factors of toxic Alexandrium species, and how plasticity in these factors may underlie population adaptation in different habitats and different environmental regimes. Project 2 will build on these new and fundamental insights into bloom regulation and develop models to predict impacts of climate variation on population dynamics of HAB threats. Variability in environmental forcing across years and among habitats will provide a proxy for future climate scenarios, revealing responses of HABs in natural ecosystems, a key step toward improving predictive skill for this recurrent public health risk, and quantify future risks. In companion studies we have identified specific cells in the developing brain in the zebrafish model that are targets of HAB toxins. The novel cellular mechanisms include effects of domoic acid on myelination of oligodendrocytes. We will define the consequences of developmental, low-level exposure to HAB toxins, and determine the effects of combined exposure to saxitoxin and domoic acid, and possible silent neurotoxicity, at different life stages, in the zebrafish model. The studies address the scope of toxin effects in the developing central nervous system, potentially linking developmental exposures to adult consequences. Novel linking of oceanic processes to human exposure will help define the human risk due to these novel mechanisms. The Center structure will facilitate integration of the research, and of research projects with education and community engagement activities, including with resource managers and other stakeholders. We also will improve awareness of emerging HAB issues for the public health community and develop new educational materials and interactive activities for K-12 classrooms, and for public outreach. An Administrative Core will create a structure encouraging open discussion of planning, integration, communication and engagement, and in which progress is rigorously evaluated.

伍兹霍尔海洋与人类健康中心(WHCOHH)将组成一个强大而完整的集合 使用新的现场采样技术和建模方法来处理有害物质的研究项目 藻华(HAB)的动力学和机理研究，以扩大对HAB毒素影响的了解。这个 总体目标是通过加强对海洋和海洋环境的了解来保护公众健康 环境过程影响产毒有机体的种群动态，以及 暴露在它们强大的神经毒素中，这是一个严重的、潜在的日益增长的人类健康威胁。该中心将 重点放在两个关键的赤潮生物分类群上：产生导致瘫痪的麻黄毒素的亚历山大藻 贝类中毒(PSP)和伪菱形藻。会产生软骨藻酸导致健忘症 贝类中毒综合征。开发了新的、有针对性的、高效的和数据丰富的抽样方法 通过申请者和现场应用揭示了真菌在自然条件下动态变化的关键方面。 环境与实验室研究推断的环境截然不同，并在这些环境中发现了可塑性 流程。项目1将研究有毒亚历山大藻物种的生理和行为因素，以及 这些因素的可塑性如何影响种群在不同栖息地和不同环境中的适应 环境制度。项目2将建立在对水华调控和水华管理的这些新的基本见解的基础上 开发模型来预测气候变化对赤潮威胁的种群动态的影响。的可变性 跨年和不同栖息地的环境强迫将为未来的气候情景提供一个指标， 揭示赤潮在自然生态系统中的反应，这是提高预报技能的关键一步 反复出现的公共卫生风险，并量化未来风险。在配套研究中，我们已经确定了特定的细胞 斑马鱼模型中发育中的大脑是赤潮毒素的目标。新的细胞机制 包括软骨藻酸对少突胶质细胞髓鞘形成的影响。我们将定义以下结果： 发育，低水平暴露于HAB毒素，并确定联合暴露于SAXTOX毒素的影响 在斑马鱼模型中，在不同的生命阶段，软骨藻酸，以及可能的沉默神经毒性。这些研究 解决毒素对发育中的中枢神经系统的影响范围，潜在地将发育 暴露在成人的后果中。海洋过程与人类接触的新联系将有助于定义 这些新机制带来的人类风险。中心结构将促进研究的整合，以及 研究项目与教育和社区参与活动，包括与资源管理人员 和其他利益相关者。我们亦会提高公众对新出现的民政事务局问题的认识。 社区并为K-12课堂和公众开发新的教育材料和互动活动 外展。行政核心将创建一个结构，鼓励对规划、整合、 沟通和参与，并严格评估进展情况。