Neurocognitive Abnormalities in Stimulant Abuse among High-Risk Women

项目摘要 对于理解神经生物学的神经生物学机制， 药物使用障碍和其他精神疾病共病的基础系统。在以前的 R01奖，我们专注于描述神经回路背后的道德决策， 被监禁的男子与不同程度的两个经常共同发生的条件：兴奋剂滥用和精神病。 在这里，我们建议将这项工作扩展到被监禁的妇女，检查纵向结果，并应用状态最先进的预测模型网络分析。我们的研究团队发表的研究表明， 精神病特征的程度和表达、兴奋剂滥用模式和道德方面的性别差异 决策的然而，这些性别差异背后的神经回路还没有得到很好的理解。我们 在我们现存的样本中，也发现了区域灰质体积和密度的实质性性别差异。 总的来说，病理生理学上的性别差异可能对治疗策略有重要意义， 男性和女性治疗预测和结果的差异生物标志物。我们将实施研究 通过在区域妇女中心部署独特的移动的MRI扫描仪， 监狱参与者将根据其终生使用兴奋剂（可卡因，安非他明）的严重程度和 精神病特征（高，中，低），并将接受解剖和功能MRI扫描， 完成多模态（即，语言和图片）决策任务。我们还将检查功能 网络和动态网络连接的妇女使用新的多波段EPI脉冲序列，并收集 释放到社区后的纵向结果，并测试复发的行为和神经预测模型 以及未来的反社会行为这项工作预计将产生一个大型的，强大的数据集，其特征在于 重叠和独特的方面神经回路潜在的兴奋剂使用和精神病的女性。的 拟议的研究符合NIDA最近强调的旨在审查性别问题的项目的优先事项 差异和女性特有的影响，以提高我们对药物性质和病因的理解 虐待

Project Abstract There continues to be great interest and public/health/relevance with regard to understanding the neurobiological systems that underlie the comorbidity of substance use disorders and other psychiatric conditions. In a previous R01 award, we focused our efforts upon characterizing the neural circuitry underlying moral decision making in incarcerated men with varying levels of two frequently co-occurring conditions: stimulant abuse and psychopathy. Here we propose to extend this work to incarcerated women, examine longitudinal outcomes, and apply stateof-the-art network analyses for predictive models. Studies published by our research team have demonstrated sex differences in the degree and expression of psychopathic traits, patterns of stimulant abuse, and moral decision-making. However, the neural circuitry that underlies these sex differences is not well understood. We have also identified substantial sex differences in regional gray matter volume and density in our extant samples. Collectively, sex differences in pathophysiology could have significant implications for treatment strategies and differential biomarkers of treatment prediction and outcome in men and women. We will implement the research strategy with a large incarcerated population by deploying a unique mobile MRI scanner to the regional women’s prison. Participants will be stratified by their level of lifetime stimulant (cocaine, amphetamine) use severity and psychopathic traits (high, medium, low) and will undergo anatomical and functional MRI scanning while completing multi-modal (i.e., linguistic and picture) decision-making tasks. We will also examine functional network and dynamic network connectivity in women using a new multiband EPI pulse sequence, and collect longitudinal outcomes after release to the community and test behavioral and neuropredictive models of relapse and future antisocial behavior. This work is expected to generate a large, robust dataset that characterizes the overlapping and unique aspects of neural circuitry underlying stimulant use and psychopathy in females. The proposed research is in line with recent priorities emphasized by NIDA for projects aimed at examining gender differences, and effects specific to females, to improve our understanding of the nature and etiology of drug abuse.