Neurocognitive Abnormalities in Stimulant Abuse among High-Risk Women

项目摘要 人们对于理解神经生物学仍然抱有极大的兴趣和公共/健康/相关性。 物质使用障碍和其他精神疾病合并症的基础系统。在之前的一个 R01 奖，我们集中精力描述道德决策背后的神经回路 被监禁的男子患有不同程度的两种经常同时发生的病症：兴奋剂滥用和精神病。 在这里，我们建议将这项工作扩展到被监禁的女性，检查纵向结果，并将最先进的网络分析应用于预测模型。我们的研究团队发表的研究表明 精神变态特征的程度和表达、兴奋剂滥用模式和道德方面的性别差异 决策。然而，这些性别差异背后的神经回路尚不清楚。我们 还发现我们现有样本中区域灰质体积和密度存在显着的性别差异。 总的来说，病理生理学中的性别差异可能对治疗策略和治疗策略产生重大影响。 男性和女性治疗预测和结果的差异生物标志物。我们将实施研究 通过在地区妇女监狱部署独特的移动 MRI 扫描仪来应对大量被监禁人口的战略 监狱。参与者将根据终生使用兴奋剂（可卡因、安非他明）的严重程度和程度进行分层 精神病特征（高、中、低）并将接受解剖和功能 MRI 扫描，同时 完成多模态（即语言和图片）决策任务。我们还将检查功能 使用新的多频带 EPI 脉冲序列在女性中进行网络和动态网络连接，并收集 释放到社区后的纵向结果并测试复发的行为和神经预测模型 以及未来的反社会行为。这项工作预计将生成一个大型、强大的数据集，该数据集描述了 神经回路的重叠和独特方面是女性兴奋剂使用和精神病的基础。的 拟议的研究符合 NIDA 最近强调的旨在审查性别的项目的优先事项 差异以及女性特有的影响，以提高我们对药物性质和病因学的了解 滥用。

Project Abstract There continues to be great interest and public/health/relevance with regard to understanding the neurobiological systems that underlie the comorbidity of substance use disorders and other psychiatric conditions. In a previous R01 award, we focused our efforts upon characterizing the neural circuitry underlying moral decision making in incarcerated men with varying levels of two frequently co-occurring conditions: stimulant abuse and psychopathy. Here we propose to extend this work to incarcerated women, examine longitudinal outcomes, and apply stateof-the-art network analyses for predictive models. Studies published by our research team have demonstrated sex differences in the degree and expression of psychopathic traits, patterns of stimulant abuse, and moral decision-making. However, the neural circuitry that underlies these sex differences is not well understood. We have also identified substantial sex differences in regional gray matter volume and density in our extant samples. Collectively, sex differences in pathophysiology could have significant implications for treatment strategies and differential biomarkers of treatment prediction and outcome in men and women. We will implement the research strategy with a large incarcerated population by deploying a unique mobile MRI scanner to the regional women’s prison. Participants will be stratified by their level of lifetime stimulant (cocaine, amphetamine) use severity and psychopathic traits (high, medium, low) and will undergo anatomical and functional MRI scanning while completing multi-modal (i.e., linguistic and picture) decision-making tasks. We will also examine functional network and dynamic network connectivity in women using a new multiband EPI pulse sequence, and collect longitudinal outcomes after release to the community and test behavioral and neuropredictive models of relapse and future antisocial behavior. This work is expected to generate a large, robust dataset that characterizes the overlapping and unique aspects of neural circuitry underlying stimulant use and psychopathy in females. The proposed research is in line with recent priorities emphasized by NIDA for projects aimed at examining gender differences, and effects specific to females, to improve our understanding of the nature and etiology of drug abuse.