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Mindfulness for Alcohol Abusing Offenders: Mechanisms and Outcomes

酗酒者的正念：机制和结果

基本信息

批准号：
10668853
负责人：
KENT A KIEHL
金额：
$ 69.01万
依托单位：
LOVELACE BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-07-01 至 2025-04-30
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10668853
关键词：
Abstinence Address Affective Alcohol abuse Alcohol consumption Alcohol dependence Alcohols Anterior Behavior Control Behavioral Brain Brain imaging Clinical Cognitive Cognitive Therapy Collection Communities Consultations Control Groups Data Development Evaluation Exhibits Female Follow-Up Studies Forensic Medicine Funding Goals Imprisonment Impulsivity Individual Intervention Investigation Knowledge Laboratories Link Longitudinal Studies Magnetic Resonance Imaging Measures Meditation Methodology Mind Mindfulness Training Monitor National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Neuropsychology New Mexico Outcome Outcome Measure Participant Pharmaceutical Preparations Population Prevention program Prisoner Prisons Randomized Randomized Clinical Trials Records Relapse Reporting Research Resolution Sampling Severities Site Social Interaction Societies Structure Substance Use Disorder Substance abuse problem System Techniques Testing Time Training Translating Treatment Efficacy United States National Institutes of Health Wisconsin Work alcohol abuse therapy alcohol craving alcohol use disorder antisocial behavior base behavior measurement cost craving criminal behavior design disorder later incidence prevention effective intervention effective therapy efficacious treatment executive function experience functional improvement high risk population improved interest mindfulness mindfulness intervention neurobiological mechanism neuroimaging offender parole probation programs promoter psychologic racial and ethnic recidivism recruit reduced alcohol use relating to nervous system research study response skills substance abuse treatment substance use success therapy development therapy resistant treatment as usual treatment risk

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY The pernicious link between substance abuse and criminal behavior imposes major costs to society, totaling billions of dollars in the U.S. annually. There is a critical need for more effective interventions to counteract the high rates of relapse and recidivism in alcohol and substance abusing criminal offenders. Periods of offender incarceration provide a unique opportunity to develop and deploy such interventions. Progress in intervention development could be achieved by targeting specific cognitive and affective vulnerabilities that are common among substance abusing criminal offenders. Preliminary studies suggest that meditative or mindfulness interventions may confer significant psychological and behavioral benefits to inmates. However, the mechanisms and extent of intervention efficacy are unclear, as these previous studies have been beset by a number of methodological limitations. Moreover, to date no study has examined the neurobiological mechanisms that relate to treatment success in this population. NIAAA has recently made a program call to address these issues (PA-15-299). Here we answer this program call and propose to undertake a rigorous and comprehensive longitudinal study of mindfulness treatment of alcohol and substance use disorders among female inmates. This project will randomly assign over 400 female inmates to a mindfulness or relapse prevention training course, and both will be compared against a no treatment control. The mindfulness intervention will be tailored to address two key neuropsychological deficits in alcohol abusing criminal offenders: impulsivity and craving. We will test hypotheses about the neural changes over time with treatment to elucidate mechanisms of change. We will obtain estimates of “real-world” efficacy of the intervention by collecting outcome measures in prison (conduct reports) and following release (alcohol use relapse and antisocial behavior). This project takes advantage of a unique, longstanding partnership between the research team and the states of New Mexico and Wisconsin Correction Departments that allows collection of comprehensive assessment data from inmates during incarceration, including brain imaging data with a mobile MRI scanner, as well as access to post-release outcomes and relapse data. Completion of these aims is a critical step for implementing and evaluating a promising mindfulness intervention for this high-risk population. The proposed research will also begin to elucidate the psychological and neurobiological mechanisms of the treatment. These results will thus significantly advance a program of research seeking to translate the growing knowledge of neuropsychological deficits into more targeted and effective treatments for alcohol and substance abuse problems in criminal offenders.

项目概要药物滥用与犯罪行为之间的恶性联系给社会带来了重大损失，总计美国每年有数十亿美元。迫切需要采取更有效的干预措施来应对酗酒和滥用药物的刑事犯罪者的旧病复发和累犯率很高。犯罪时期监禁为制定和部署此类干预措施提供了独特的机会。干预进展可以通过针对常见的特定认知和情感弱点来实现发展滥用药物的刑事犯罪者。初步研究表明冥想或正念干预措施可能会给囚犯带来显着的心理和行为益处。然而，干预效果的机制和程度尚不清楚，因为这些先前的研究受到了方法学上的局限性。此外，迄今为止还没有研究检验过神经生物学与该人群治疗成功相关的机制。 NIAAA 最近发起了一项计划解决这些问题（PA-15-299）。在此，我们响应这一计划号召，并建议采取严格和正念治疗酒精和物质使用障碍的综合纵向研究女囚犯。该项目将随机分配 400 多名女性囚犯进行正念或旧病复发预防培训课程，并将两者与未治疗对照进行比较。正念干预措施将针对酗酒罪犯的两个关键神经心理缺陷进行定制犯者：冲动和贪爱。我们将测试有关治疗过程中神经变化的假设阐明变革机制。我们将通过以下方式获得干预措施“现实世界”功效的估计收集监狱中（行为报告）和释放后（酒精使用复发和反社会行为）。该项目利用了研究机构之间独特的、长期的合作伙伴关系团队以及新墨西哥州和威斯康星州惩教部门，允许收集囚犯在监禁期间的综合评估数据，包括手机的脑成像数据 MRI 扫描仪，以及释放后结果和复发数据的访问。完成这些目标是对这一高危人群实施和评估有希望的正念干预措施的关键一步。拟议的研究还将开始阐明心理和神经生物学机制治疗。因此，这些结果将显着推进一项旨在转化不断增长的研究计划对神经心理学缺陷的了解有助于对酒精和酒精进行更有针对性和有效的治疗刑事罪犯的药物滥用问题。