Advancing Health Disparities Research in Aging: The Aging Research in Criminal Justice & Health (ARCH) Network

项目摘要/摘要 尽管20年来涉及刑事司法的老年人数量出现了前所未有的增长(#年被捕的老年人 法庭，监狱或监狱，缓刑或假释)，为此制定基于证据的干预措施所需的知识 早发性疾病、残疾以及行为和社会风险因素较高的人群严重低于- 发展起来的。特别是，研究了解生命历程经历，健康的社会决定因素，以及 这一人群晚年健康差距的驱动因素，包括刑事司法参与本身，是有限的。此外， 关于这一群体的许多研究都没有研究老年人的状况(例如，功能和认知 损伤、跌倒、虐待老年人、服用多种药物)，这些都是了解老年人健康和福祉的关键，请访问 刑事司法参与的每个阶段(从逮捕到监禁后重新融入社区)。这种缺乏 知识对公共健康有着深远的影响，因为超过95%的被监禁患者最终被释放到 在社区，他们不成比例地依赖社区安全网医疗保健系统。证据的相对缺乏 在老龄化和健康差距这一领域，研究在一定程度上反映了越来越多的 研究老龄化和刑事司法参与的研究人员-他们中的许多人都是在职业生涯的早期-来自一系列 学术学科(如医学、公共卫生、护理、流行病学、社会福利)遍布全国 几乎没有人集中在任何一家机构。因此，重要的跨学科研究合作是有限的和初级的。 研究人员往往缺乏在这一领域追求成功研究事业所需的指导。对此，我们建议 发展ARCH(刑事司法和卫生中的老龄化研究)网络，以建设在这一新兴领域的研究能力 实地研究和催化所需的有影响力的研究，以开发基于证据的干预措施，满足 历史上被忽视的老年人群体。 为了实现这些目标，我们提出了两个具体目标：(1)建立一个多学科的国家研究网络，以 制定和完善推进健康和社会发展研究所需的研究议程、措施和方法 老年人在一生中参与刑事司法和健康差距的驱动因素及其后果 刑事司法对晚年健康的参与；以及(2)支持新的和成熟的科学家开发和 通过提供研究技术，实施涉及刑事司法的老年人健康的生命过程研究 援助计划，为初级调查人员创建国家导师计划，直接资助试点和探索性 研究，并为网络创造正式机会，以发展新的多学科研究合作。这个 ARCH网络将确保老年学原理在研究老年人的健康和保健需求方面处于领先和中心地位 刑事司法--涉及老年人，并将制定一项研究议程，为惩教和社区提供信息 整个生命过程中机会的医疗保健系统，其中可以测试方案和政策干预以 减少这一人群的健康差距。

Project Summary / Abstract Despite 20 years of unprecedented growth in the number of criminal justice-involved older adults (those under arrest, in court, in prison or jail, on probation or parole), the knowledge needed to develop evidence-based interventions for this population with high rates of early onset disease, disability and behavioral and social risk factors, is deeply under- developed. In particular, research to understand the life course experiences, the social determinants of health, and the drivers of later life health disparities in this population, including criminal justice involvement itself, is limited. Moreover, much of the research about this population has failed to study geriatric conditions (e.g., functional and cognitive impairment, falls, elder abuse, polypharmacy) that are key to understanding the health and wellbeing of older adults at each phase of criminal justice involvement (from arrest through community reintegration after incarceration). This lack of knowledge has profound impacts on public health as over 95% of incarcerated patients are eventually released to the community where they disproportionately rely on community safety net healthcare systems. The relative lack of evidence in this area of aging and health disparities research reflects, in part, professional isolation among the growing number of researchers who study aging and criminal justice involvement – many of them early in their careers – from a range of academic disciplines (e.g. medicine, public health, nursing, epidemiology, social welfare) spread throughout the nation with few centered at any one institution. As a result, vital interdisciplinary research collaborations are limited and junior researchers often lack the mentorship needed to pursue a successful research career in this area. In response, we propose developing The ARCH (Aging Research in Criminal justice & Health) Network to build research capacity in this emerging field and catalyze the impactful research needed to develop evidence-based interventions that meet the needs of this historically overlooked population of older adults. To meet these goals, we propose two specific aims: (1) to establish a multidisciplinary national research network to develop and refine the research agenda, measures, and methods needed to advance research on the health and social drivers of criminal justice involvement and health disparities among older adults over the life course and the consequences of criminal justice involvement on health in later life; and (2) to support new and established scientists to develop and implement life course research on the health of criminal justice-involved older adults by offering a research technical assistance program, creating a national mentorship program for junior investigators, directly funding pilot and exploratory research, and creating formal opportunities for networking to develop new multidisciplinary research collaborations. The ARCH Network will ensure that geriatric principles are front and center in studying the health and healthcare needs of criminal justice-involved older adults and will develop a research agenda that can inform correctional and community healthcare systems of opportunities across the life course where programmatic and policy interventions can be tested to reduce health disparities for this population.