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Biomaterials-directed regenerative immunotherapies

生物材料导向的再生免疫疗法

基本信息

批准号：
10697362
负责人：
JENNIFER H ELISSEEFF
金额：
$ 114.63万
依托单位：
JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-09-25 至 2024-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Project Summary Tissue loss due to trauma, disease or congenital abnormalities remains an intractable clinical challenge. There are profound deficits in how humans heal and recover from tissue damage and few innovations in regenerative medicine have reached the clinic or improved standard of care. Formation of dysfunctional scar tissue remains the default pathway for repair in the body. The immune system is the first responder to trauma yet this response, and its capacity to orchestrate tissue repair, has been largely ignored. Engineering tissues generally involves combining cells and biomaterial scaffolds with a suite of biological cues to stimulate new tissue development. Until now, these tissue engineering tools have been designed to target stem cells, vascular development, or tissue morphogenesis. Here, we are shifting the focus of tissue engineering design towards direct therapeutic manipulation of the immune system. The remarkable success of cancer immunotherapies highlights how the adaptive immune system is amenable to exquisitely robust intervention and the potential for regenerative immunotherapies. We introduce the concept of regenerative immunotherapies that engage and manipulate the effector class of T cells. Emerging understanding of tissue specific immunity, the role of senescent cells in tissue trauma and repair responses will be combined with our new and unexpected findings on pro-regenerative T cells. Single cell genomic analysis of immune subsets, stromal, and senescent cells combined with novel computational algorithms will be used to develop tissue- specific senescent and immune networks in homeostasis, aging, trauma, and disease. This foundation will serve as the basis for cell and molecular therapy design to enhance T cell mediated pro-regenerative immune responses. While broadly applicable to many tissues, we will first apply regenerative immunotherapies to musculoskeletal tissues before extending to additional tissues. Collectively, these studies will transform traditional thinking of the immune system by re-imagining the immune system as the body’s repair system and use this platform to engineer regeneration.

项目摘要由于创伤、疾病或先天性畸形导致的组织缺损仍然是一个棘手的临床问题，挑战.在人类如何从组织损伤中愈合和恢复方面存在着深刻的缺陷，再生医学的创新已达到临床或提高护理标准。形成功能失调的疤痕组织仍然是体内修复的默认途径。免疫系统是第一个然而，这种反应及其协调组织修复的能力在很大程度上被忽视了。工程组织通常涉及将细胞和生物材料支架与一套生物线索相结合来刺激新组织的发育到目前为止，这些组织工程工具的设计目标是干细胞、血管发育或组织形态发生。在这里，我们将组织的焦点工程设计，以直接治疗操纵免疫系统。成效显著癌症免疫疗法强调了适应性免疫系统如何能够适应干预和再生免疫疗法的潜力。我们引入再生的概念参与和操纵效应T细胞类的免疫疗法。对组织的新认识特异性免疫，衰老细胞在组织创伤和修复反应中的作用将与我们的研究相结合。关于促再生T细胞的新的和意想不到的发现。免疫亚群的单细胞基因组分析，基质细胞和衰老细胞与新的计算算法相结合将用于开发组织- 在体内平衡、老化、创伤和疾病中的特定衰老和免疫网络。该基金会将作为细胞和分子治疗设计的基础，以增强T细胞介导的促再生免疫应答虽然广泛适用于许多组织，我们将首先应用再生免疫疗法，在延伸到其他组织之前先从肌肉骨骼组织中分离。总的来说，这些研究将改变免疫系统的传统思维，将免疫系统重新想象为身体的修复系统，利用这个平台来设计再生。