Sleep and Circadian Dysfunction, Brain and Neurobehavioral Development in Autism

项目摘要/摘要--研究部分 这项名为《睡眠和昼夜节律障碍，脑和神经行为发育》的研究的目标 是研究睡眠紊乱和昼夜休息/活动节律(RAR)改变对大脑的影响 自闭症儿童的发育、认知和适应功能以及症状严重程度。受干扰的睡眠 在患有自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)的儿童中非常普遍；估计超过60%的儿童表现出 频繁的睡眠障碍，包括睡眠开始延迟，夜间睡眠零碎，以及清晨 醒着的。虽然通常被认为是自闭症的结果，但睡眠障碍可能不仅对 这一人群中的认知、适应功能和行为障碍。值得注意的是，虽然许多研究 评估了睡眠障碍与神经影像的关系，以及神经影像与ASD、NO的关系 据我们所知，工作已经将这些主题整合在一起。此外，睡眠和RAR的严格比较 在ASD中还没有通过家长报告和行动图进行的指标。 对于这个项目，我们建议通过细化睡眠/唤醒问题来解决这些差距 在ASD儿童中应用新的统计模型对客观(使用动作图)和 家长报告(使用CSHQ)测量并检查睡眠障碍和RAR改变如何影响大脑 自闭症儿童的结构和功能。我们将这个项目嵌入肯尼迪·克里格研究所-约翰斯 霍普金斯大学智力和发育障碍研究中心(IDDRC)，利用关键 表型评估、神经成像、生物统计学和程序行为准备方面的资源 可通过该中心获得。与此同时，这个调查小组带来了新的统计和 流行病学专业知识中心，对200名患有和不患有自闭症的儿童进行这项研究。通过这个 项目，中心的资源将被用来进一步整合这一人口与493名儿童和现有数据(但 而不是手腕动作图)，为中心研究建立了一个大的表型群体。这项工作将有所帮助 改进和通报睡眠障碍和自闭症儿童的临床和预防做法，提供 睡眠特征和病因学的方法学进展。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT – RESEARCH COMPONENT The goal of this study entitled, “Sleep and Circadian Dysfunction, Brain and Neurobehavioral Development in Autism” is to examine how disturbed sleep and altered circadian rest/activity rhythms (RARs) affect brain development, cognitive and adaptive function, and symptom severity in children with autism. Disturbed sleep is highly prevalent among children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD); over 60% are estimated to exhibit frequent sleep disturbances, including delayed sleep onset, fragmented nighttime sleep, and early-morning waking. While typically viewed as a consequence of ASD, disturbed sleep may not only have acute effects on cognition, adaptive functioning, and behavioral disturbances in this population. Notably, while many studies have evaluated the relationship between disordered sleep and neuroimaging, and neuroimaging and ASD, no work, to our knowledge, has integrated these topics. Furthermore, rigorous comparison of sleep and RAR metrics via parent-report and actigraphy have not been conducted in ASD. For this project, we propose to address these gaps through refining how sleep/wake problems are assessed in children with ASD by applying novel statistical modeling to both objective (using actigraphy) and parent-report (using CSHQ) measures and examining how disturbed sleep and altered RARs might affect brain structure and function in children with ASD. We embed this project in the Kennedy Krieger Institute-Johns Hopkins University Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center (IDDRC), leveraging crucial resources in phenotypic assessment, neuroimaging, biostatistics, and behavioral preparation for procedures that are available through the Center. At the same time, this investigative team brings new statistical and epidemiologic expertise to Center Cores, to conduct this study in 200 children with and without ASD. Via this project, Center resources will be used to further integrate this population with 493 children with extant data (but not wrist actigraphy), establishing a large-well phenotyped population for Center research. This work will help to refine and inform clinical and prevention practices among children with disordered sleep and ASD, providing methodological advances in sleep characterization and etiology.