Longitudinal associations of preschoolers' technology and digital medial (TDM) use and executive functioning: a mechanism linking TDM with young children's weight status

学龄前儿童技术和数字媒体 (TDM) 使用与执行功能的纵向关联：将 TDM 与幼儿体重状况联系起来的机制

• 批准号: 10701902
• 负责人: ALEXIS Caroline WOOD
• 金额: $ 21.46万
• 依托单位: BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-09 至 2027-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10701902
• 关键词: 4 year old; 5 year old; Academic achievement; Accounting; Adverse effects; Area; Assessment tool; Attitude; Behavior; Body mass index; Buffers; COVID-19 pandemic; Caregivers; Cellular Phone; Characteristics; Child; Child Development; Child Health; Child Rearing; Childhood; Clinical Psychology; Code; Cognition; Cognitive; Complex; Country; Data; Development; Devices; Distance Learning; Education; Electrical Engineering; Goals; Guidelines; Health; Health Services; Home; Hour; Investigation; Light; Link; Literature; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Medial; Mediating; Methods; Modeling; Monitor; Nature; North America; Nursery Schools; Obesity; Occupational; Outcome; Parent-Child Relations; Parents; Pathway interactions; Pediatrics; Preschool Child; Procedures; Public Health; Recommendation; Reporting; Research; Research Design; Research Support; Role; School-Age Population; Short-Term Memory; Sleep; Structure; Technology; Technology Assessment; Testing; Time; Weight; Youth; age group; cognitive ability; cognitive process; cohort; developmental psychology; digital; digital media; digital technology; emotion regulation; executive function; experience; follow-up; handheld mobile device; high body mass index; improved; innovation; interdisciplinary approach; longitudinal design; multitask; new technology; novel; obesity risk; pandemic disease; peer; portability; programs; scaffold; sedentary; service providers

PROJECT SUMMARY Technology and digital media (TDM) use has been associated with poorer developmental and health outcomes in young children. Given the high rate of TDM use, which on average exceeds recommendations, among preschool age children, it is important to examine TDM use effects on development and health outcomes during this critical early stage of child development. Using a multidisciplinary approach (clinical psychology, developmental psychology, electrical engineering, and pediatrics), one of the main goals of the proposed larger P01 application (of which this project is a part of) is to use innovative, objective, and passive measures to precisely quantify children’s TDM use. The first aim of this specific project will be to focus on examining associations between preschoolers’ TDM use and executive functioning (EF) as well as testing EF as a cognitive mechanism linking TDM use with child BMI. The second aim will be to test bidirectional associations between executive functioning, child BMI, and TDM use. Finally, the third aim will test the novel moderating influences of general parenting (warmth/sensitivity, intrusiveness), parent scaffolding in two contexts (non-TDM and TDM), and TDM content, which are candidates for disrupting the cascade from children’s TDM use to their EF and BMI. To our knowledge, this will be the first study to use a comprehensive and objective assessment tool to measure TDM use, its association with EF, and the mediating role of EF on the TDM-BMI association in preschool children using a longitudinal design over a 12-month timeframe. Also, to our knowledge, this is one of the only studies to consider bidirectional associations – specifically that TDM use is not only related to children’s outcome, but also that children’s EF and BMI may influence their subsequent TDM use. As part of our focus on TDM use, educational content will be assessed advancing developmental research beyond a common focus on the amount of TDM use. Using multiple direct observational measures of EF in a controlled setting, this project will also inform the development of child cognition as well as obesity. Finally, adapted from existing tasks and coding procedures, a novel lab-based parent/child TDM task will be employed to examine parental scaffolding behaviors, known to improve child EF, and how these scaffolding behaviors may moderate links between TDM use and children’s EF. Advancing our understanding of the role of TDM use on the areas of cognition and health using innovative methods will assist in the development of effective strategies for improving child outcomes and provide parents and health service providers actionable information informing children’s TDM use guidelines.

项目总结 技术和数字媒体(TDM)的使用与较差的发展和健康结果相关 在年幼的儿童中。鉴于TDM的使用率很高，平均超过建议， 学龄前儿童，重要的是检查TDM的使用对发育和健康结果的影响 在儿童发展的这一关键早期阶段。使用多学科方法(临床心理学、 发展心理学、电子工程学和儿科学)，这是提议的更大的 P01应用(本项目是其中的一部分)是采用创新的、客观的、被动的措施来 精确量化儿童的TDM使用情况。这个具体项目的第一个目标将集中在检查 学龄前儿童TDM使用与执行功能(EF)及执行功能测试的关系 TDM使用与儿童BMI相关的认知机制。第二个目标将是测试双向关联 执行功能、儿童BMI和TDM使用之间的关系。最后，第三个目标将检验小说的缓和 一般养育方式(温暖/敏感、侵扰)、父母支架式教育在两种情境中的影响(非TDM 和TDM)，以及TDM内容，这些都是从儿童的TDM使用到他们的 EF和BMI。据我们所知，这将是第一次使用全面和客观的评估 测量TDM使用情况的工具，其与EF的关联，以及EF在TDM-BMI关联中的中介作用 学龄前儿童在12个月的时间内使用纵向设计。另外，据我们所知，这是一个 唯一考虑双向关联的研究-具体地说，TDM的使用不仅与 此外，儿童的EF和BMI可能会影响他们随后的TDM使用。作为以下内容的一部分 我们对TDM使用、教育内容的关注将被评估，以推动发展研究超过 共同关注TDM使用量。在受控环境中使用多个直接测量EF的方法 在这一背景下，该项目还将为儿童认知和肥胖的发展提供信息。最后，改编自 现有的任务和编码程序，将使用基于实验的新型父/子TDM任务来检查 父母的脚手架行为，已知可以改善孩子的EF，以及这些脚手架行为如何缓和 TDM使用与儿童EF之间的联系。增进我们对TDM使用在以下领域的作用的理解 使用创新方法的认知和健康将有助于制定有效的战略 改善儿童结局，并为父母和卫生服务提供者提供可采取行动的信息 儿童TDM使用指南。