Effort-Based Decision Making and Motivated Behavior in Everyday Life

日常生活中基于努力的决策和动机行为

• 批准号: 10760787
• 负责人: Deanna Barch
• 金额: $ 75.59万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-04-01 至 2028-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10760787
• 关键词: Address; Affective; Anhedonia; Award; Behavioral; Behavioral Paradigm; Bipolar Disorder; Cognition; Cognitive; Corpus striatum structure; Data; Decision Making; Development; Dissociation; Dopamine; Dorsal; Ecological momentary assessment; Etiology; Funding; Image; Impaired cognition; Impairment; Individual; Learning; Life; Link; Literature; Major Depressive Disorder; Measures; Medial; Mental Depression; Methods; Mood Disorders; Moods; Motivation; Parietal; Pathology; Pathway interactions; Patient Self-Report; Persons; Positive Valence; Prefrontal Cortex; Process; Progress Reports; Psychoses; Psychotic Disorders; Public Health; Quality of life; Reporting; Research; Research Domain Criteria; Rewards; Role; Sampling; Schizoaffective Disorders; Schizophrenia; Science; Social Functioning; Support System; Symptoms; System; Testing; Time; United States National Institutes of Health; Work; cognitive control; cognitive system; cognitive testing; cost; goal oriented behavior; indexing; innovation; mobile computing; mobile sensing; motivated behavior; neural; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; neuromelanin; novel; pleasure; programs; psychologic; psychotic; psychotic depression; recruit; response; social; systems research; willingness

Motivational impairments are a key feature of both psychotic and mood disorders. Decreases in motivation impair work and social function transdiagnostically, reduce quality of life, and increase public health demands. Current treatments are not sufficiently effective at reducing impairments in motivation, in part due to the need to better understand the mechanisms that give rise to these symptoms. The work in the prior round of funding provided strong evidence that abnormal effort-cost decision-making (ECDM; Effort valuation/Willingness to work in the RDoC Positive Valence System) may be a key contributor to motivational deficits in psychotic pathology (i.e., individuals with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder and bipolar disorder), but not among individuals with mood pathology (i.e., Major Depression). ECDM refers to calculations that individuals perform to estimate the amount of physical or cognitive "work" required to obtain a reward. Individuals with schizophrenia, schizoaffective, bipolar disorder are less motivated than healthy individuals to exert effort to obtain rewards on experimental tasks of ECDM, with associated deficits in dorsal-fontal parietal control systems, and these deficits are related to symptoms of amotivation and function in everyday life. Individuals with depression did not show such deficits on tasks of either physical or cognitive effort, despite showing clear evidence of anhedonia in everyday life. These data strongly support our hypotheses that the mechanisms that contribute to motivational impairments in psychosis differ from those in depression. Here we expand this work. In Aim 1 we will utilize novel behavioral and imaging paradigms derived from the affective science literature to assess social and non-social motivation (Consultant Sommerville, co-I Braver) to test the hypothesis that individuals with psychosis will show even greater impairment in effort allocation for social than monetary rewards, while individuals with depression will show equal impairments in both. In Aim 2, we will integrate state-of-the art neuroimaging methods (neuromelanin) to indirectly measure dopamine function (consultant Horga) to test the hypothesis that dopamine disruption will be more strongly related to indices of motivational impairments in depression versus psychosis. In Aim 3, we will incorporate innovative mobile technologies to longitudinally assess social and non-social motivated behavior and cognition (Consultant Gershon) in everyday life, testing the hypotheses that the magnitude of motivational impairments in psychosis will covary over time with cognitive impairments among individuals with psychosis, but not among individuals with depression.

动机障碍是精神病和心境障碍的一个关键特征。动机下降 影响工作和社会功能，降低生活质量，增加公共卫生需求。 目前的治疗方法在减少动机障碍方面不够有效，部分原因是需要 以更好地了解引起这些症状的机制。上一轮融资的工作 提供了强有力的证据表明，异常的努力成本决策（ECDM;努力价值/意愿， 在RDoC正价系统中工作）可能是精神病患者动机缺陷的关键因素。 病理学（即，精神分裂症、情感障碍和双相情感障碍患者），但 具有情绪病理的个体（即，抑郁症）。ECDM是指个人执行的计算 估计获得奖励所需的体力或认知“工作”量。人士 精神分裂症、情感障碍、双相情感障碍比健康人更不愿意努力 在ECDM的实验任务中获得奖励，与背-前额顶叶控制相关的缺陷 这些缺陷与日常生活中的失动和功能症状有关。个人 抑郁症患者在身体或认知努力的任务上没有表现出这种缺陷，尽管他们表现出 在日常生活中有明显的快感缺失这些数据有力地支持了我们的假设， 精神病中导致动机障碍的机制与抑郁症中的机制不同。这里 我们扩大这项工作。在目标1中，我们将利用来自 评估社会和非社会动机的情感科学文献（顾问萨默维尔，共同I布拉弗） 为了检验这一假设，即精神病患者在努力分配方面会表现出更大的损害， 而抑郁症患者在这两方面的损害程度是一样的。在 目的2，我们将整合最先进的神经影像学方法（神经黑色素），间接测量 多巴胺功能（顾问霍尔加），以测试假设，多巴胺中断将更强烈 与抑郁症和精神病的动机障碍指数有关。在目标3中，我们将 创新的移动的技术，以纵向评估社会和非社会动机的行为， 认知（顾问Gershon）在日常生活中，测试的假设，动机的大小 精神病中的损伤将随时间与患有精神病的个体中的认知损伤共变， 但在抑郁症患者中却没有。