Groundwork for a study of non-smoking-associated lung cancer in AsianPacific Isla

亚太岛屿非吸烟相关肺癌研究的基础

• 批准号: 7659995
• 负责人: Ellen Ting-Yee Chang
• 金额: $ 7.25万
• 依托单位: CANCER PREVENTION INSTIT OF CALIFORNIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-04-01 至 2011-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7659995
• 关键词: Address; Area; Asian Indian; Asians; California; Cancer Etiology; Case-Control Studies; Censuses; Cessation of life; Characteristics; Chinese People; Controlled Study; Data; Development; Directories; Employee Strikes; Enrollment; Ethnic group; Etiology; Female; Hawaiian population; Health; High Prevalence; Hispanics; Human Resources; Incidence; Individual; Internet; Interview; Japanese Population; Light; Low Prevalence; Mails; Malignant neoplasm of lung; Methods; Pacific Island Americans; Pilot Projects; Population; Population Growth; Predisposition; Prevalence; Published Directory; Recruitment Activity; Risk Factors; Sampling; San Francisco; Smoke; Smoker; Smoking; Surveys; Target Populations; Telephone; Tobacco; Tobacco smoking; Woman; base; burden of illness; cancer risk; cigarette smoking; comparative efficacy; design; falls; male; men; mortality; non-smoking; population based; prevent; racial and ethnic; smoking prevalence

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer death among Asian and Pacific Islander (API) and Hispanic women in the U.S., despite the fact that over 80% of these women have never smoked cigarettes. The low prevalence of smoking, heavy burden of lung cancer, and fast population growth rate among API and Hispanic women make them an ideal target population in which to examine risk factors for lung cancer other than tobacco smoking. Moreover, API women appear to be overrepresented among never-smokers with lung cancer, suggesting that they may have a higher prevalence of exposure or greater susceptibility to lung cancer risk factors other than smoking, whereas Hispanic women may have lower exposure or susceptibility to such risk factors. Therefore, as a precursor to launching a population-based case-control study of non-smoking-associated lung cancer among API and Hispanic women in the Greater San Francisco Bay Area, we propose to initiate a pilot study with the following specific aims: 1) to demonstrate the feasibility of identifying a representative sample of API and Hispanic women who have never smoked; 2) to assess the level of personnel effort required to enroll approximately 560 representative, never-smoking API and Hispanic women as study controls; and 3) to compare the efficacy of three control recruitment methods among API and Hispanic women. We will use a surname-based targeted searching method to identify Chinese, Filipina, native Hawaiian, Hispanic, Asian Indian, Japanese, Pacific Islander, and Vietnamese women from subscription-based telephone and address directories. Eligible women will be asked to complete a brief telephone, mail, or Internet-based survey assessing sociodemographic characteristics. To assess the representativeness of enrolled subjects, we will compare their sociodemographic characteristics with current data from the U.S. Census Bureau and the California Health Interview Survey. We will compare the efficacy of recruitment methods by calculating participation rates among individuals contacted by telephone, mail, or both. This pilot study will serve as critical groundwork for a larger study aiming to understand, and ultimately prevent, the development of lung cancer in never-smokers. Asian and Pacific Islander (API) and Hispanic women rarely smoke, and it is unknown why so many of these women develop lung cancer-a leading cause of cancer death. This pilot study is an important step toward building a larger study to understand the causes of lung cancer in API and Hispanic women who have never smoked.

描述（由申请人提供）：肺癌是美国亚洲和太平洋岛民（API）和西班牙裔妇女癌症死亡的主要原因，尽管这些妇女中有超过80%从未吸烟。API和西班牙裔妇女吸烟率低、肺癌负担重、人口增长率快，使她们成为检查吸烟以外肺癌危险因素的理想目标人群。此外，API女性在从不吸烟的肺癌患者中似乎比例过高，这表明她们可能对吸烟以外的肺癌风险因素有更高的暴露率或更大的易感性，而西班牙裔女性对这些风险因素的暴露率或易感性可能较低。因此，作为在大弗朗西斯科湾区的API和西班牙裔妇女中开展非吸烟相关肺癌的基于人群的病例对照研究的先驱，我们建议开展一项试点研究，其具体目标如下：1）证明识别从不吸烟的API和西班牙裔妇女的代表性样本的可行性; 2）评估招募约560名具有代表性的、从不吸烟的API和西班牙裔女性作为研究对照所需的人员努力水平; 3）比较API和西班牙裔女性中三种对照招募方法的有效性。我们将使用基于姓氏的有针对性的搜索方法，从基于订阅的电话和地址目录中识别中国人、菲律宾人、夏威夷土著人、西班牙裔、亚洲印度人、日本人、太平洋岛民和越南妇女。合格的妇女将被要求完成一个简短的电话，邮件，或基于互联网的调查评估社会人口特征。为了评估入组受试者的代表性，我们将将其社会人口特征与美国人口普查局和加州健康访谈调查的当前数据进行比较。我们将通过计算通过电话、邮件或两者联系的个人的参与率来比较招募方法的有效性。这项试点研究将为一项旨在了解并最终预防从不吸烟者肺癌发展的更大研究奠定关键基础。 亚洲和太平洋岛民（API）和西班牙裔妇女很少吸烟，目前还不清楚为什么这些妇女中有这么多人患肺癌-癌症死亡的主要原因。这项初步研究是建立一个更大的研究，以了解肺癌的原因在API和西班牙裔妇女谁从来没有吸烟的重要一步。