INFLUENCE OF DIETARY FATTY ACID COMPOSITION ON TIME-COURSE OF DIET ADAPTATION

膳食脂肪酸组成对饮食适应时程的影响

• 批准号: 7607522
• 负责人: DALE A SCHOELLER
• 金额: $ 1.24万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-12-01 至 2007-09-16
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7607522
• 关键词: Adult; American; Basal metabolic rate; Bicycling; Blood; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cessation of life; Chronic Disease; Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects Database; Daily; Degenerative polyarthritis; Desire for food; Diabetes Mellitus; Diet; Dietary Fats; Dietary Fatty Acid; Eating; Energy Metabolism; Exercise; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Female; Funding; Grant; Hormones; Hour; Indirect Calorimetry; Institution; Life Style; Macronutrients Nutrition; Malignant Neoplasms; Measures; Meat; Nitrogen; Numbers; Obesity; Olive oil preparation; Overweight; Protocols documentation; Public Health; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Rest; Risk; Satiation; Source; Stroke; Thinking; Time; United States National Institutes of Health; Weight Gain; Woman; day; male; oxidation; saturated fat; sedentary; urinary

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. The number of obese people in the U.S. has become a serious public health problem. Currently, two-thirds of adult American women are overweight and roughly half of these are obese. This excess weight increases the risk of early death from chronic disease such as cardiovascular disease, stroke, diabetes mellitus, osteoarthritis, and certain cancers. Two of the causes of obesity are a sedentary lifestyle and a high-fat diet. A sedentary lifestyle leads to reduced daily energy expenditure and a slow increase in fat oxidation during a period of days when the subject is eating a high-fat diet. We think, however, this varies depending on the type of dietary fat. Diets high in monounsaturated fat, the type found in olive oil, should result in greater fat oxidation than diets high in saturated fat, the type found in meats and dairy. Healthy and overweight male and female subjects will be studied for six days each on four different occasions. Each occasion will differ in the type of dietary fat and exercise treatment. These are: (1) diet high in saturated fat with energy expenditure of 1.4 times resting metabolic rate; (2) diet high in saturated fat with about 1 hour of moderate intensity bike riding to increase energy expenditure to 1.8 times resting metabolic rate; (3) diet high in monounsaturated fat with energy expenditure of 1.4 times resting metabolic rate; (4) diet high in monounsaturated fat with 1 hour of moderate bicycle exercise to increase energy expenditure to 1.8 times resting metabolic rate. We will measure 24h macronutrient oxidation using whole room indirect calorimetry and urinary nitrogen analysis on days 1,2,3 and 5 of the protocol, and will measure blood appetite hormones, satiety, and palatibility on day 4 of the protocol. We expect that the increase in fat oxidation on the high fat diet will be greater with a high monounsaturated fat diet compared to a high saturated fat diet, and greater with exercise compared to rest .

该子项目是利用该技术的众多研究子项目之一 资源由 NIH/NCRR 资助的中心拨款提供。子项目及 研究者 (PI) 可能已从 NIH 的另一个来源获得主要资金， 因此可以在其他 CRISP 条目中表示。列出的机构是 对于中心来说，它不一定是研究者的机构。 美国肥胖人口数量已成为一个严重的公共卫生问题。目前，三分之二的美国成年女性超重，其中大约一半是肥胖。体重过重会增加因慢性疾病（如心血管疾病、中风、糖尿病、骨关节炎和某些癌症）而过早死亡的风险。 肥胖的两个原因是久坐的生活方式和高脂肪饮食。 久坐的生活方式会导致每日能量消耗减少，并且在受试者吃高脂肪饮食的几天内，脂肪氧化缓慢增加。 然而，我们认为这取决于膳食脂肪的类型。 富含单不饱和脂肪（橄榄油中的类型）的饮食应该比富含饱和脂肪（肉类和奶制品中的类型）的饮食导致更大的脂肪氧化。 健康和超重的男性和女性受试者将在四个不同的场合分别进行为期六天的研究。 每个场合的膳食脂肪类型和运动治疗都会有所不同。它们是：（1）富含饱和脂肪的饮食，能量消耗是静息代谢率的1.4倍； (2)富含饱和脂肪的饮食加上约1小时中等强度的自行车骑行，可将能量消耗增加至静息代谢率的1.8倍； (3)单不饱和脂肪含量高的饮食，能量消耗是静息代谢率的1.4倍； (4)富含单不饱和脂肪的饮食加上1小时适度的自行车运动可将能量消耗增加到静息代谢率的1.8倍。 我们将在方案的第 1、2、3 和 5 天使用全室间接量热法和尿氮分析来测量 24 小时常量营养素氧化，并将在方案的第 4 天测量血液食欲激素、饱腹感和适口性。我们预计，与高饱和脂肪饮食相比，高脂肪饮食中脂肪氧化的增加会更大，而运动时的脂肪氧化增加会比休息时更大。