Affective processing and executive control

情感处理和执行控制

• 批准号: 7675953
• 负责人: GREGORY MCCARTHY
• 金额: $ 15.11万
• 依托单位: DUKE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-09-30 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7675953
• 关键词: Affect; Affective; Alzheimer' s Disease; Amygdaloid structure; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Area; Arousal; Attention; Auditory; Behavioral; Body of uterus; Brain; Characteristics; Cognitive; Complex; Detection; Disease; Disruption; Dorsal; Emotional; Emotions; Event; Event-Related Potentials; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Funding; Goals; Grant; Human; Hypothalamic structure; Joystick; Left; Literature; Mediating; Memory; Nature; Noise; Parietal; Parkinson Disease; Pattern; Performance; Pituitary-Adrenal System; Prefrontal Cortex; Principal Investigator; Process; Property; Psyche structure; Regulation; Relative (related person); Research; Resolution; Resource Allocation; Resources; Sensory; Series; Shapes; Short-Term Memory; Shorthand; Signal Transduction; Specificity; Standards of Weights and Measures; Stimulus; Stress; Stroke; Structure; Surface; System; Task Performances; Testing; Time; Variant; Work; Workload; blood oxygen level dependent; emotional stimulus; executive function; frontal lobe; improved; insight; nervous system disorder; pressure; programs; psychologic; research study; response; stressor; visual stimulus

In this project, we will use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), intracranial event-related potentials (ERPs), and behavioral performance to investigate the interplay of affective and executive control processes and the brain systems that mediate their interactions. This new project reflects a synthesis of research themes developed in Projects 3 and 4 or the current grant period. It is stimulated by our observation that task-irrelevant stimuli that evoke emotional responses strongly activate brain structures comprising a ventral affective processing system (VAPS) and evoke a relative deactivation of brain structures comprising a dorsal executive control system (DECS). This relative deactivation of DECS and, in particular, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dIPFC) is associated with poor working memory performance. Our goal is to identify brain systems that interact to enhance or impede task performance by varying the degree to which the subject's primary task depends upon executive function and the DECS; by varying the valence and arousal properties of task-irrelevant distracters; by varying the current focus of attention; and by varying baseline levels of arousal, emotion and/or stress. There are three specific aims: Specific Aim 1 will determine (a) whether the degree of phasic dIPFC activation evoked by critical task events influences task disruption induced by emotional distracters and (b) whether the tonic state of activation influences the degree to which dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dIPFC) shows relative deactivation by emotional distracters. Specific Aim 2 will investigate whether the VAPS can be activated by manipulating the "mental workload" of a cognitive task, and whether workload induced activation of this system can itself evoke a relative deactivation of dIPFC and other components of the DECS leading to poor task performance. The effect of noise stressors upon the engagement of DECS by working memory tasks will also be investigated in this Aim. Specific Aim 3 will investigate whether the VAPS is automatically activated by emotional distracters, or whether activation is limited by concurrent attentional demands. Changes in affect and emotional regulation are frequent and debilitating aspects of neurological disorders such as stroke, Parkinson's disease, ALS, and Alzheimer's disease. An understanding of how affective processing influences executive control will provide new insights into remediatory approaches toward these disorders and into the functioning of the normal human brain.

在这个项目中，我们将使用功能磁共振成像(FMRI)，即颅内事件相关电位 (ERPs)和行为表现，以研究情感和执行控制过程的相互作用 以及调节它们相互作用的大脑系统。这个新项目反映了研究的综合 在项目3和4或当前赠款期间制定的主题。受我们观察到的刺激， 引起情绪反应的与任务无关的刺激强烈激活了大脑结构，包括腹侧 情感处理系统(VAPS)和诱发包括背侧的大脑结构的相对失活 执行控制系统(DECS)。DECS的这种相对失活，特别是背外侧 前额叶皮质(DIPFC)与较差的工作记忆表现有关。我们的目标是识别大脑 相互作用以增强或阻碍任务绩效的系统，通过改变受试者的 主要任务取决于执行功能和DECS；通过改变价态和唤醒属性 通过改变当前注意力的焦点；通过改变基线水平 性唤醒、情绪和/或压力。具体目标有三个： 具体目标1将确定(A)关键任务引起的阶段性dIPFC激活程度 事件影响情绪分心因素引起的任务中断，以及(B)精神紧张状态是否 激活影响背外侧前额叶皮质(DIPFC)相对失活的程度 受情绪干扰的影响。特定目标2将调查是否可以通过操纵激活VAP 认知任务的“脑力负荷”，以及负荷是否会导致这一系统本身的激活 引起dIPFC和DECS的其他组件的相对停用，从而导致较差的任务性能。 噪声应激源对工作记忆任务参与DECS的影响也将是 以此为目的进行了调查。特定目标3将调查VAPS是否由 情绪干扰，或激活是否受到同时注意力需求的限制。 情感和情绪调节的变化是神经性疾病的常见和衰弱的方面 如中风、帕金森氏症、肌萎缩侧索硬化症和阿尔茨海默氏症。对情绪化程度的理解 处理影响执行控制将为这些补救方法提供新的见解 以及正常人脑的功能。