TYPE 1 DIABETES GENETICS CONSORTIUM

这个子项目是众多研究子项目之一

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. This is a multi-center, international, organized effort designed to identify the genes that determine one's risk of developing diabetes. From family and twin studies, it is known that the genetic basis of type 1 diabetes is complex, including genes with large and small effect. It is established that HLA Anti class II and class I genes play a major role in determining diabetes risk. However, it is apparent that HLA accounts for only approximately 50% of the total genetic risk of type 1 diabetes. Over the past two decades, several other genes and gene polymorphisms have been identified that contribute to diabetes risk. However, it has been difficult to fully assess the magnitude of individual gene effects and gene interactions due to limited clinical and genetic resources. In this study, multiple family members will be recruited in an organized, consistent fashion. The study will take place in North America (at least 9 centers, including CHRMC / Seattle), Europe, Asia, Australia, and Latin America. Families will be recruited as affected sib pairs (ASP), meaning two or more siblings with type 1 diabetes. Parents of ASP and other, unaffected siblings will also be invited to participate in the study. Data will be collected on clinical phenotype (e.g. age at diagnosis, ethnicity, body habitus, diabetes complications) on all subjects with diabetes. HLA class I and II genes, and at least 4 additional promising genetic loci, will be examined in each family member, in the context of disease status. Data are collected as blood samples and questionnaires, for research purposes only. Recently recruitment has been expanded to low prevalence trio families (proband and both parents) in the North American Network. Trios will be collected only in those populations where the prevalence of type 1 diabetes is low - that is, in populations where families with two affected offspring are very rare. Therefore, the trio collections will focus on Mexican-American and African-Americans. The testing will be exactly the same as for ASP families.