Television Advertising and Children's Diet Activity and Obesity Prevalence

电视广告与儿童饮食活动和肥胖率

• 批准号: 7782177
• 负责人: Lisa Powell
• 金额: $ 54.91万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-01-01 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7782177
• 关键词: Adolescent; Adult; Advertisements; Advertising; Advocate; Affect; Age; American; Area; Beverages; Body mass index; Cardiovascular Diseases; Child; Childhood; Chronic Disease; Commit; Communities; Complex; Consumption; Country; Data; Data Analyses; Diet; Dietary Practices; Dietary intake; Eating; Economics; Effectiveness; Energy Intake; Energy Metabolism; Environment; Exposure to; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Food; Food or Food Product; Health; Health Promotion; Height; Home environment; Light; Link; Literature; Longitudinal Studies; Malignant Neoplasms; Marketing; Measures; Media Campaign; National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; Natural experiment; Neighborhoods; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Norway; Nutritional; Obesity; Outcome; Overweight; Pattern; Physical activity; Policies; Policy Maker; Policy Research; Population; Prevalence; Price; Public Health; Public Policy; Race; Regulation; Research; Restaurants; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Series; Services; Sodium; Sweden; Taxes; Television; Time; Uncertainty; United States Dept. of Health and Human Services; Weight; Youth; aged; base; cardiovascular disorder risk; cardiovascular risk factor; cohort; combat; contextual factors; density; early childhood; fast food; food consumption; food marketing; good diet; improved; indexing; kindergarten; opportunity cost; population survey; programs; public health relevance; sedentary; sugar; tool; tv watching; ward

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Poor diet, inactivity and obesity have been linked to increased risks for a number of chronic diseases including cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Obesity and related health risk factors present in children are likely to persist into adulthood. The proposed research will investigate the relationships between televised advertisements for food, beverages, restaurants, and public service healthy diet and physical activity (HDPA) health promotion messages, and diet, physical activity, body mass index (BMI) and obesity among children and youth. The overwhelming majority (97.8%) of food product ads seen on television by American children are of poor nutritional content, being high in either sugar, fat or sodium. Most research has assessed the effect of advertising based on 1) evidence that TV watching time correlates with poor diet and/or obesity; or, 2) small- scale natural experiments that have focused on food requests or limited specific food choices which may have low external validity. The proposed project will build substantially on the previous literature. The specific aims are threefold: 1) examine the relationship between exposure to food, beverage and restaurant advertising (measured by total product exposure and nutritional content of ads using age and race-specific ratings) and children's and youths' dietary intake patterns (i.e., consumption of specific food products/groups and food away from home including fast food), diet quality (i.e., total caloric intake, % fat and % sugar in diet and overall healthy eating index), BMI and obesity; 2) examine the relationship between exposure to HDPA health promotion ads and diet, physical activity, BMI and obesity; and 3) examine the interactions between food- related and HDPA health promotion ads and neighborhood contextual factors (i.e., food prices and restaurant, food store, and physical activity-related outlet availability) and diet, activity and BMI/obesity. To accomplish these aims, the proposed research will conduct secondary data analyses, using a unique combination of four types of data: 1) television age- and race-specific ratings data for all food, beverage, restaurant, and anti- obesity advertisements, purchased from Nielsen Media Research for 106 designated media markets; 2) detailed nutritional content information about the advertised food products, 3) local area contextual data on food prices and outlet density measures; 4) data on population dietary intake, physical activity and measured height and weight from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, two nationally representative population surveys one of which is longitudinal. The proposed project represents the most comprehensive exploration to date of the relationship between food, beverage, restaurant and HDPA health promotion advertising and diet, activity and BMI. Given the serious public health risk posed by poor diet, inactivity and obesity, this research can provide important information for policymakers and public health advocates about the potential effectiveness of regulating food television advertising to children and using TV media campaigns as policy tools for improving these health outcomes. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The proposed research will investigate the relationships between televised advertisements for food, beverages, restaurants, and public service healthy diet and physical activity health promotion messages, and diet, physical activity, body mass index and obesity among children and youth using market-level television ratings data and nationally representative cross-sectional and longitudinal population data. Given the serious public health risks including cancer and cardiovascular diseases posed by poor diet, inactivity and obesity, this research can provide important information for policymakers and public health advocates about the potential effectiveness of regulating food television advertising to children and using TV media campaigns as policy tools for improving these health outcomes.

描述(申请人提供)：不良饮食、缺乏运动和肥胖与包括癌症和心血管疾病在内的许多慢性疾病的风险增加有关。儿童中存在的肥胖和相关的健康风险因素可能会持续到成年。这项拟议的研究将调查食品、饮料、餐馆的电视广告和公共服务健康饮食和体力活动(HDPA)健康促进信息之间的关系，以及儿童和青少年的饮食、体力活动、身体质量指数(BMI)和肥胖症之间的关系。美国儿童在电视上看到的食品广告中，绝大多数(97.8%)的营养含量很低，要么含糖量高，要么脂肪含量高，要么钠含量高。大多数研究评估广告效果的依据是：1)看电视时间与不良饮食和/或肥胖相关的证据；2)专注于食物需求或有限的特定食物选择的小规模自然实验，这些实验的外部效度可能较低。拟议的项目将在很大程度上建立在以前的文献的基础上。具体目标有三个方面：1)研究接触食品、饮料和餐馆广告(通过使用年龄和种族特定评级衡量广告的产品总曝光量和营养含量)与儿童和青少年的饮食摄入模式(即特定食品/组和外出食物，包括快餐)、饮食质量(即总卡路里摄入量、饮食中脂肪和糖的百分比以及总体健康饮食指数)、BMI和肥胖之间的关系；2)研究接触HDPA健康促进广告与饮食、体力活动、BMI和肥胖的关系；3)研究与食品相关的健康促进广告和HDPA健康促进广告与社区背景因素(即食品价格和餐馆、食品商店和与体育活动相关的门店可获得性)和饮食、活动和BMI/肥胖之间的互动。为了实现这些目标，拟议的研究将利用四种数据的独特组合进行二次数据分析：1)从尼尔森媒体研究公司购买的106个指定媒体市场的所有食品、饮料、餐馆和减肥广告的特定年龄和种族的电视收视率数据；2)有关广告食品的详细营养成分信息；3)关于食品价格和商店密度测量的当地背景数据；4)来自国家健康和营养检查调查和儿童早期纵向研究的人口膳食摄入量、体力活动和测量的身高和体重的数据，这两项具有全国代表性的人口调查，其中一项是纵向调查。拟议的项目是迄今为止对食品、饮料、餐馆和HDPA健康促进广告与饮食、活动和BMI之间关系的最全面探索。鉴于不良饮食、缺乏运动和肥胖带来的严重公共健康风险，这项研究可以为政策制定者和公共健康倡导者提供重要信息，说明监管面向儿童的食品电视广告的潜在有效性，并将电视媒体宣传活动用作改善这些健康结果的政策工具。 公共卫生相关性：拟议的研究将利用市场电视收视率数据和具有全国代表性的横断面和纵向人口数据，调查食品、饮料、餐馆和公共服务广告健康饮食和体育活动健康促进信息与儿童和青少年饮食、体力活动、体重指数和肥胖之间的关系。鉴于不良饮食、缺乏运动和肥胖带来的严重公共健康风险，包括癌症和心血管疾病，这项研究可以为政策制定者和公共卫生倡导者提供重要信息，说明监管面向儿童的食品电视广告的潜在有效性，并将电视媒体宣传活动用作改善这些健康结果的政策工具。