SEMANTIC FEATURE PROCESSING IN INDIVIDUALS WITH STROKE APHASIA

中风失语症患者的语义特征处理

• 批准号: 7884016
• 负责人: Sharon Antonucci
• 金额: $ 14.77万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-04-01 至 2013-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7884016
• 关键词: Affect; Aphasia; Basic Science; Behavioral; Brain region; Case Series; Case Study; Clinical; Clinical Research; Cognitive; Communication; Complement; Cues; Data Analyses; Development; Foundations; Goals; Impairment; Individual; Inferior; Knowledge; Language; Left; Lesion; Life; Link; Literature; Location; MRI Scans; Maps; Methods; Names; Neuropsychology; Outcome; Participant; Patients; Pattern; Performance; Process; Property; Public Health; Publishing; Reaction Time; Reporting; Research; Resolution; Resources; Retrieval; Role; Semantics; Site; Stroke; Survivors; Symptoms; Temporal Lobe; Testing; United States; Weight; Work; base; design; experience; left hemisphere brain damage; lexical retrieval; meetings; nervous system disorder; neuroimaging; neuropsychological; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; semantic processing; tool; visual process; visual processing

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Word retrieval difficulty is the most common symptom observed in people with aphasia, having a profound impact on individuals' ability to communicate in daily life. While it has long been acknowledged that adequate processing of meaning or "semantic knowledge" is a necessary precursor to accurate word retrieval, it remains unclear how deficient processing of semantic knowledge influences word retrieval difficulties observed in aphasia. The long-term goal is to design semantically-based treatments for word retrieval impairment in aphasia that maximize the types of semantic information that are utilized to facilitate word retrieval. The overall objective of this project is to determine the relationships among semantic feature knowledge, word retrieval deficits, and lesion location in individuals with aphasia. The central hypothesis is that (1) deficient processing of specific semantic feature cues will differentially impact word retrieval for concepts whose meanings are weighted in favor of those features; and (2) deficient semantic feature/concept processing is associated with lesion location. The rationale for the proposed project is that understanding the relationship between semantic knowledge and word retrieval impairment in aphasia will provide the foundation upon which to expand clinical research into theoretically-motivated assessment and treatment of deficient semantically-guided lexical retrieval. The central hypothesis will be tested by pursuing the following two specific aims: (1) Determine the association between semantic feature cues and word retrieval for different types of object concepts, and (2) Determine the extent to which semantic feature/concept processing is associated with lesion location in aphasia. To pursue these specific aims, individuals with aphasia will be assessed using a neuropsychological battery designed to provide for direct comparison between feature types within the same living and nonliving objects. High resolution MRI scans will be collected for participants with aphasia and behavioral performance will be related to lesion location. Once this information has been obtained, it will be possible to differentiate patterns of performance and discern the extent to which semantic feature treatments may be tailored to meet the needs of individuals with differing underlying mechanisms of word retrieval impairment. Furthermore, identifying the interaction between semantic feature and object concept processing will inform ongoing theoretical debates regarding whether impairment to processing of different types of object concepts is an emergent property of feature-processing deficits that can be linked to lesion location. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The proposed research will have an important positive impact on understanding of how best to design theoretically-motivated clinical tools to remediate word retrieval impairment based on knowledge of individuals' ability to process semantic feature cues. The proposed project has relevance to public health because the mechanisms to be investigated will inform the development of assessments and treatments for word retrieval impairments that can compromise communication in the daily lives of individuals with aphasia.

描述（由申请人提供）：单词检索困难是失语症患者最常见的症状，对个人日常生活中的沟通能力产生深远影响。虽然人们早已认识到，对意义或“语义知识”的充分处理是准确单词检索的必要先决条件，但尚不清楚语义知识处理不足如何影响失语症中观察到的单词检索困难。长期目标是设计基于语义的失语症单词检索障碍治疗方法，最大限度地利用语义信息类型来促进单词检索。该项目的总体目标是确定失语症患者的语义特征知识、单词检索缺陷和病变位置之间的关系。中心假设是（1）对特定语义特征线索的处理不足将对概念的单词检索产生不同的影响，这些概念的含义有利于这些特征； (2)语义特征/概念处理缺陷与病变位置相关。该项目的基本原理是，理解失语症的语义知识和单词检索障碍之间的关系将为将临床研究扩展到理论驱动的评估和语义引导词汇检索缺陷的治疗提供基础。将通过追求以下两个具体目标来检验中心假设：（1）确定语义特征线索与不同类型对象概念的单词检索之间的关联，以及（2）确定语义特征/概念处理与失语症病变位置相关的程度。为了实现这些特定目标，将使用神经心理学电池对失语症患者进行评估，该电池旨在提供相同生物和非生物物体内特征类型之间的直接比较。将为失语症参与者收集高分辨率 MRI 扫描，行为表现将与病变位置相关。一旦获得这些信息，就可以区分表现模式，并辨别语义特征处理的定制程度，以满足具有不同潜在单词检索障碍机制的个体的需求。此外，识别语义特征和对象概念处理之间的相互作用将为正在进行的理论争论提供信息，这些争论涉及不同类型对象概念的处理损伤是否是可以与病变位置相关的特征处理缺陷的新兴属性。 公共健康相关性：拟议的研究将对理解如何最好地设计理论驱动的临床工具来基于个人处理语义特征线索的能力的知识来补救单词检索障碍产生重要的积极影响。拟议的项目与公共卫生相关，因为要调查的机制将为单词检索障碍的评估和治疗的发展提供信息，单词检索障碍可能会损害失语症患者日常生活中的沟通。