Contributions of Neural Memory Circuits

神经记忆电路的贡献

• 批准号: 8063388
• 负责人: MICHAEL T ULLMAN
• 金额: $ 18.47万
• 依托单位: GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-08-01 至 2011-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8063388
• 关键词: Adult; Basal Ganglia; Behavioral; Bicycling; Biological Models; Brain; Brain Injuries; Categories; Cognitive; Complement; Complex; Data; Development; Dimensions; Dissociation; Female; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Funding; Goals; Influentials; Knowledge; Knowledge acquisition; Language; Learning; Left; Linguistics; Maps; Measures; Memory; Methods; Modeling; Morphology; Motor; Motor Skills; Neurocognitive; Neurologic; Patients; Pattern; Plant Roots; Population; Process; Psyche structure; Psycholinguistics; Relative (related person); Reliance; Research; Semantics; Sex Characteristics; Specificity; Structure; System; Systems Theory; Temporal Lobe; Testing; Woman; base; data modeling; design; interest; lexical; male; men; neuroimaging; phonology; procedural memory; relating to nervous system; sex; skills; syntax

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The long-term objective of this project is to further elucidate the neurocognitive underpinnings of the distinction in language between idiosyncratic and rule-governed mappings. The project examines four issues - separability, computation/representation, domain-specificity/-generality, and neural correlates - in the context of competing neurocognitive models of language. Dual-system models claim that idiosyncratic mappings are stored in the mental lexicon, while the mental grammar underlies the rule-governed composition of complex linguistic representations. One such view - the declarative/procedural model - argues that the lexicon depends on the temporal-lobe- declarative memory system, whereas grammar involves the frontal/basal-ganglia procedural memory system. Single-system models posit one computational system, denying a categorical distinction between the two types of mapping. Previous psycholinguistic, developmental, neurological and neuroimaging studies, largely on regular/irregular morphology, have begun to tease apart the models. We propose to replicate and extend the research in two dimensions. (1) Linguistic domains: We will examine morpho-phonology (in regular/irregular past tense, past participle, plural, and derivational morphology), syntax (in the complement/adjunct distinction, and in the hierarchy of morphosyntactic functional categories), and compositional semantics (in the definiteness effect, and negative polarity items). (2) Subject groups: Preliminary data suggest that men and women differ in their relative reliance on the two brain systems: Whereas men tend to compose complex linguistic representations, women tend to memorize them. Thus we introduce sex as an important design factor. Specific aims: We will test the predictions of the competing models with two complementary studies: (i) a neuroimaging study of cognitively unimpaired adults, using ERPs, fMRI and dipole modeling; and (ii) a psycholinguistic and neurological study of healthy adults and of adult-onset brain-damaged patients.

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目的长期目标是进一步阐明特殊映射和规则控制映射之间语言区别的神经认知基础。该项目在语言的竞争神经认知模型的背景下研究了四个问题——可分离性、计算/表示、领域特异性/通用性和神经相关性。双系统模型声称，特殊映射存储在心理词典中，而心理语法则是复杂语言表征的规则控制组成的基础。其中一种观点——陈述性/程序性模型——认为词汇依赖于颞叶陈述性记忆系统，而语法则涉及额叶/基底神经节程序性记忆系统。单系统模型假设一个计算系统，否认两种映射类型之间的绝对区别。先前的心理语言学、发育、神经学和神经影像学研究，主要是关于规则/不规则形态学，已经开始梳理这些模型。我们建议在两个维度上复制和扩展研究。 （1）语言学领域：我们将研究形态音韵学（规则/不规则过去时、过去分词、复数和派生形态）、句法（补语/附加词的区别，以及形态句法功能类别的层次结构）和构成语义（确定性效应和负极性项目）。 (2) 受试者组：初步数据表明，男性和女性对两个大脑系统的相对依赖程度不同：男性倾向于撰写复杂的语言表征，而女性则倾向于记住它们。因此，我们将性别作为一个重要的设计因素。具体目标：我们将通过两项互补研究来测试竞争模型的预测：（i）使用 ERP、功能磁共振成像和偶极子模型对认知未受损的成年人进行神经影像学研究； (ii) 对健康成年人和成人脑损伤患者的心理语言学和神经学研究。

项目成果

Enhanced recognition memory after incidental encoding in children with developmental dyslexia.

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063998
• 发表时间: 2013
• 期刊: PloS one
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Hedenius M;Ullman MT;Alm P;Jennische M;Persson J
• 通讯作者: Persson J

Grammar predicts procedural learning and consolidation deficits in children with Specific Language Impairment.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2011.07.026
• 发表时间: 2011-11
• 期刊: Research in developmental disabilities
• 影响因子: 3.1
• 作者: Hedenius M;Persson J;Tremblay A;Adi-Japha E;Veríssimo J;Dye CD;Alm P;Jennische M;Bruce Tomblin J;Ullman MT
• 通讯作者: Ullman MT

Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation impacts language in early Parkinson's disease.

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0042829
• 发表时间: 2012
• 期刊: PloS one
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Phillips L;Litcofsky KA;Pelster M;Gelfand M;Ullman MT;Charles PD
• 通讯作者: Charles PD