Cancer Genetics

癌症遗传学

• 批准号: 8340215
• 负责人: TERRY R MAGNUSON
• 金额: $ 18.77万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-05-23 至 2015-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8340215
• 关键词: Area; Award; BRCA1 gene; Basic Science; Bioinformatics; Biological; Biological Assay; Biological Models; Cancer Center; Cells; Chromatin; Clinical; Clinical Sciences; Colorectal Cancer; Core Facility; DNA; Databases; Development; Diagnosis; Disease; Early Diagnosis; Engineering; Ensure; Environment; Epigenetic Process; Extramural Activities; Faculty; Family; Functional RNA; Funding; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genetic Programming; Genetic Research; Genetic Transcription; Genome; Genomics; Genotype; Goals; Grant; Human; Human Genetics; Human Genome; Individual; International; Investigation; Investments; Laboratories; Laboratory Organism; Lead; Lesion; Malignant Neoplasms; Metabolism; Minority; Molecular; Molecular Analysis; Monitor; Mouse Models of Human Cancer Consortium; Multiple Abnormalities; Mus; National Cancer Institute; Neoplasm Metastasis; Nobel Prize; Nutritional; Pathway interactions; Penetrance; Phase; Phenotype; Pilot Projects; Population; Population Sciences; Predisposition; Process; Program Development; Randomized; Regulation; Research; Research Infrastructure; Research Peer Review; Research Personnel; Role; Scientist; System; Technology; The Cancer Genome Atlas; Variant; Vision; Work; Yeasts; base; cancer epidemiology; cancer genetics; cancer therapy; career; clinical application; clinical care; disease-causing mutation; genetic analysis; genetic technology; genome-wide; insight; meetings; mouse genome; mouse model; mutant; next generation; non-genetic; novel; novel strategies; patient oriented; population based; pre-clinical; programs; recombinational repair; technology development; tool; tumor; uncontrolled cell growth

Cancer Genetics: The goal of the program is to take cancer genetics research beyond the standard genotype-phenotype correlation toward understanding cross talk between genes and non-genetic influences on genes (systems genetics). Genes do not act in isolation and these types of interactions impact the resulting phenotype with profound implications in human cancer. Program faculty have outlined five strategic goals: (i) Genome-wide strategies, (ii) High penetrance cancer genes, (iii) Loss of genome integrity, (iv) Epigenetic processes, and (v) State-of-the-art infrastructure, both technology and bioinformatics. The Program is achieving their goals through program and program subset meetings, collaborative grants, cancer center investment in recruitment, technology development and pilot project funding. Highlights of research by Program investigators include creation of a novel mouse platform known as the Collaborative Cross, which randomizes the mouse genome to mimic human variation (Pardo Manuel de Villena, Threadgill, Pomp, Wang, Valdar). Perou and Sharpless have created the mouse phase I unit of genetically engineered pre-clinical mouse models for monitoring and developing phenotypic assays for cancer treatment. Evans and Berg have expanded the clinical genetics program and have embarked on a patient-centered project aimed at using next-generation genetic technology to look for disease-causing mutations in families where a Mendelian cancer susceptibility was suspected but not discovered. Threadgill and Pomp are part of the Mouse Models of Human Cancer Consortium with a project that focuses on colorectal cancer. Lieb continues to develop novel genomic approaches and Magnuson has challenged a long-standing epigenetic role for the non-coding RNA known as Xist. Proudly, Oliver Smithies was awarded the Nobel Prize for his pioneering work that underlies the program's use of cancer mouse models. Recruitment in statistical and human genetics, as well as computational approaches, has expanded the scope of the program, particularly its impact on the population and clinical sciences. Core facility development of high throughput sequencing has provided additional opportunities for participation in high priority NCI initiatives, e.g., phase II of the Cancer Genome Atlas (Perou, Chiang, Wright and Hayes). In 2009, the 39 program faculty investigators have 78 grants and $32.8 million (total $) in extramural support. Peer-reviewed research funding totals 62 grants and $29.7 million (total $), including 18 grants ($9.0 million) from the National Cancer Institute.

癌症遗传学：该计划的目标是将癌症遗传学研究超越标准的基因型-表型相关性，以了解基因之间的相互作用和对基因的非遗传影响（系统遗传学）。基因不会孤立地起作用，这些类型的相互作用会影响所产生的表型，对人类癌症具有深远的影响。课程教师概述了五个战略 目标：（i）全基因组战略，（ii）高突变率癌症基因，（iii）基因组完整性的丧失，（iv）表观遗传过程，以及（v）最先进的技术和生物信息学基础设施。该计划正在通过计划和计划子集会议，合作赠款，癌症中心在招聘，技术开发和试点项目资金方面的投资来实现其目标。项目研究人员的研究重点包括创建一种称为协作杂交的新型小鼠平台，该平台将小鼠基因组随机化以模拟人类变异（Pardo Manuel de维莱纳，Threadgill，Pomp，Wang，Valdar）。Perou和Sharpless已经创建了基因工程临床前小鼠模型的小鼠I期单位，用于监测和开发癌症治疗的表型测定。埃文斯和贝格扩大了临床遗传学项目，并开始了一个以病人为中心的项目，旨在利用下一代遗传技术寻找致病基因。 怀疑孟德尔癌症易感性但未发现的家族中的突变。Threadgill和Pomp是人类癌症联盟小鼠模型的一部分，其项目专注于结直肠癌。Lieb继续开发新的基因组方法，Magnuson挑战了非编码RNA Xist的长期表观遗传作用。奥利弗·史密斯很自豪地 诺贝尔奖，以表彰他在癌症小鼠模型应用方面的开创性工作。统计学和人类遗传学以及计算方法的招聘扩大了该计划的范围，特别是其对人口和临床科学的影响。高通量测序的核心设施开发为参与高优先级NCI计划提供了额外的机会，例如，癌症基因组图谱的第二阶段（Perou，Chiang，Wright和Hayes）。2009年，39名项目教师调查员获得了78笔赠款和3280万美元（总计3280万美元）的校外支持。 同行评审的研究资金总额为62笔赠款和2970万美元，其中包括来自国家癌症研究所的18笔赠款（900万美元）。