Toward an Animal Model of Freely Moving Human

建立自由移动的人类动物模型

基本信息

批准号：
8531312
负责人：
Krishna V Shenoy
金额：
$ 79.85万
依托单位：
STANFORD UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2009-09-30 至 2016-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

I have trained as an electrical engineer and as a systems neurobiologist. Over the past ten years I have investigated how motor cortices guide arm movements and how this neural activity can be used to control prosthetic arms and computer cursors. I now recognize that a major new research direction is imperative if we are to truly understand the neural control of movement in the ¿real-world¿ and design neural prostheses for large numbers of people. The fundamental assumption which I call into question, and aim to address, is that cortical-motor activity is the same across behavioral contexts, contexts as different as sitting quietly in a dark room without moving ones eyes or head (conventional experimental setting) and actively moving around in a large space with lights, sounds and body posture constantly varying (the proposed ¿real world¿ setting). We must begin conducting electrophysiological experiments in monkeys able to freely move around in large spaces, which will serve as an animal model for freely moving humans. This is a dramatically new and different direction, which is only now plausible due to tremendous advances in microelectronics technology and the major new technological and experimental paradigms proposed here. I proposed to build a new suite of recording, wireless telemetery and behavioral monitoring technology to enable this new brand of basic and applied neuroscience investigation. We will also conduct a definitive set of neurophysiological and neural prosthetic experiments, to highlight the power and broad applicability of this new paradigm in addition to documenting initial, and likely highly surprising, discoveries. If successful, I anticipate this new experimental paradigm and results to greatly change basic neuroscience investigations of motor control, applied neuroscience/neuroengineering aimed at designing robust and high-performance neural prostheses, and large patient populations whose quality of life will be dramatically improved by restoring lost motor function.

我曾接受过电力工程师和系统神经生物学家的培训。在过去的十年中，我有研究了运动皮层如何指导手臂运动以及如何使用这种神经活动来控制假肢武器和计算机游标。我现在认识到，如果我们真正了解现实世界中运动的神经控制权，并为神经假体设计大量的人。我提出质疑并旨在解决的基本假设是在行为环境中，皮质运动活动是相同的，上下文与在黑暗中静静地坐着不同没有移动眼睛或头部的空间（常规的实验环境），并在带有灯光，声音和身体姿势的宽敞空间不断变化（拟议的„现实世界环境）。我们必须开始在猴子中进行电生理实验，以便在大空间中自由移动，它将用作自由移动人类的动物模型。这是一个动态新的和不同的方向，这仅是由于微电子技术的巨大进步和这里提出的主要新技术和实验范式。我建议建造一套新的套件录制，无线遥测和行为监控技术，以启用这个新品牌的基本品牌应用神经科学研究。我们还将进行一组确定的神经生理学和神经元假肢实验，以强调此新范式的功能和广泛的适用性。记录最初的发现，并且可能非常令人惊讶的发现。如果成功，我预计这个新的实验范式和结果大大改变了运动控制的基本神经科学研究，应用神经科学/神经工程设计旨在设计出色和高性能神经phopthess和大型通过恢复运动功能的损失，其生活质量的患者人群将大大改善。