NANOSTRUCTURED BIOACTIVE MATERIALS

描述（申请人提供）：纳米形式的羟基磷灰石、其它磷酸钙化合物和另外的生物活性无机材料将通过新开发的方法制备，该方法采用喷雾干燥或火焰热解技术，使得（1）可以获得宽范围的目标粒度，（2）可以制备具有低和高溶解度的化合物，以及（3）所制备的颗粒在形成后不会暴露于任何溶液环境，因此会保持其原始的高反应性表面（目标1）。由于它们的小尺寸和高反应性，所制备的纳米材料有望具有一系列的临床应用。其中两项将在目标2和3中评价。 目的2将集中于评估纳米形式氟化钙（CaF 2）作为氟化物（F）来源用于使牙釉质龋损矿化的有效性，使用（1）体外模型以了解CaF 2粒度与F沉积之间的关系，（2）体内唾液和菌斑模型以比较由纳米CaF 2和目前使用的NaF冲洗液产生的口腔F保留，以及（3）原位脱矿/矿化模型以评估纳米CaF 2漂洗剂的矿化效果。 目的3将评估纳米磷酸钙和氟化钙在降低牙本质渗透性方面的有效性，牙本质渗透性与牙齿过敏症密切相关。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Nano forms of hydroxyapatite, other calcium phosphate compounds, and additional bioactive inorganic materials will be prepared by a newly developed method, employing either a spray drying or a flame pyrolysis technique in such a way that (1) target particle sizes over a wide range can be obtained, (2) compounds with both low and high solubilities can be prepared, and (3) the prepared particles would not be exposed to any solution environment after their formation and therefore would retain their original, highly reactive surfaces (Aim 1). Due to their small sizes and high reactivity, the prepared nano materials are expected to have a range of clinical applications. Two of which will be evaluated in Aims 2 and 3. Aim 2 will focus on evaluating the effectiveness of nano forms calcium fluoride (CaF2) as the source of fluoride (F) for remineralizing tooth enamel carious lesions using (1) an in vitro model to understand the relationship between CaF2 particle size and F deposition, (2) an in vivo saliva and plaque model to compare oral F retention produced by the nano CaF2 and currently used NaF rinses, and (3) an in situ demineralization/remineralization model to evaluate the remineralization effects of the nano CaF2 rinse. Aim 3 will evaluate the effectiveness of nano sized calcium phosphates and calcium fluoride in reducing dentin permeability, a property closely associated with dental hypersensitivity.