Project 6: Microbial Communities that Bioremediate Chemical Mixtures

项目 6：生物修复化学混合物的微生物群落

• 批准号: 9260368
• 负责人: Lisa Alvarez-Cohen
• 金额: $ 27.74万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9260368
• 关键词: Address; Anaerobic Bacteria; Aromatic Hydrocarbons; Arsenic; Bacteriophages; Benzene; Bioinformatics; Biological; Biological Availability; Biological Markers; Bioremediations; CRISPR/Cas technology; Chemicals; Communities; Complex; Degradation Pathway; Electrons; Elements; Engineering; Environment; Environment and Public Health; Gene Expression; Genes; Hazardous Substances; Hazardous Waste Sites; Heavy Metals; Immobilization; Individual; Injection of therapeutic agent; Investigation; Kinetics; Knowledge; Lead; Metabolic; Metabolic Pathway; Metagenomics; Metals; Microbe; Modeling; Modernization; Molecular; Organism; Oxidants; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxygen; Pathway interactions; Physiological; Poison; Precipitation; Process; Production; Reporting; Research; Research Infrastructure; Research Personnel; Resistance; Role; Signal Recognition Particle; Site; Solvents; Structure; Superfund; System; Systems Biology; Technology; Testing; Toluene; Toxic effect; Trichloroethylene; Water Supply; Xylene; base; dechlorination; design; drinking water; environmental enrichment for laboratory animals; ethylbenzene; experimental study; genetic manipulation; genome editing; hazard; improved; metabolomics; microbial; microbial community; microorganism; microorganism interaction; operation; organic contaminant; predictive tools; remediation; response; superfund site; tool; treatment strategy; water quality

PROJECT 6: SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The inorganic metalloid arsenic, organic chlorinated solvents (e. g. trichloroethene (TCE)) and aromatic hydrocarbons (e. g. benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes (BTEX)) are frequently detected as a mixture of contaminants in groundwater aquifers. Their presence in drinking water supplies represents a hazard to public health and the environment. Currently, arsenic ranks No.1 on the ATSDR Priority List of Hazardous Substances and has been reported as a problem at 917 Superfund National Priorities List sites. Due to its common co-occurrence with TCE and BTEX at these sites, it is important to understand the effects of potential remediation strategies that target only one contaminant class on the fate and transport of the other contaminants. The objective of this project is to apply systems biology approaches to study interactions within microbial communities involved in the bioremediation of groundwater mixtures containing arsenic species in combination with TCE and BTEX. We aim to enrich and study microbial communities that can concurrently reduce the bioavailability of arsenic and degrade the co-contaminants and specifically address complex problems arising from the presence of chemical mixtures at hazardous waste sites. Bioremediation processes that biostimulate fermenting microorganisms by injection of organics into groundwater aquifers to promote the dechlorination of TCE are likely to generate soluble arsenic species, leading to the production of new and more significant groundwater (GW) contaminants. Similarly, BTEX releases into aquifers result in the rapid depletion of oxygen and other electron acceptors, leading to arsenic mobilization. A key challenge in achieving effective bioremediation without mobilizing arsenic is understanding the multi-scale complexity of subsurface microbial communities that could facilitate useful transformations of arsenic, while also targeting the degradation of organic co-contaminants. We hypothesize that understanding the structure, function and syntrophic interactions of microbial communities involved in arsenic transformations can lead to optimized simultaneous bioremediation of the metalloid arsenic as well as chlorinated solvents and aromatic hydrocarbons. To test this hypothesis, we will enrich and construct cultures as well as co-contaminant transformations and apply meta-omics based approaches to characterize interactions within these communities. We will then evaluate the responses of these enrichments and consortia to perturbations and various co-contaminant exposures (aims 1-3). We will subsequently develop models to provide predictive input to new designs for effective bioremediation of these mixtures (aim 4). from contaminated GW and sediments that are capable of arsenic cycling The knowledge and models developed from this research will be valuable to provide guidance to practitioners of bioremediation to improve operation and practice in the common occurrence of co-located mixtures of arsenic, solvents and aromatics.

项目 6：总结/摘要 无机类金属砷、有机氯化溶剂（例如三氯乙烯（TCE））和芳香族化合物 碳氢化合物（例如苯、甲苯、乙苯和二甲苯 (BTEX)）经常作为混合物被检测到 地下水含水层中的污染物。它们在饮用水供应中的存在对人体构成危害 公共卫生和环境。目前，砷在 ATSDR 优先危险物质清单中排名第一 物质并已被 917 超级基金国家优先事项清单网站报告为问题。由于其 由于这些地点与 TCE 和 BTEX 常见共存，因此了解潜在的影响非常重要 仅针对一类污染物的修复策略，影响另一类污染物的命运和迁移 污染物。该项目的目标是应用系统生物学方法来研究内部相互作用 参与含砷地下水混合物生物修复的微生物群落 与 TCE 和 BTEX 组合。我们的目标是丰富和研究微生物群落，这些微生物群落可以同时 降低砷的生物利用度并降解共污染物并专门解决复杂的问题 危险废物场中存在化学混合物而引起的问题。生物修复过程 通过将有机物注入地下水含水层来生物刺激发酵微生物，以促进 三氯乙烯的脱氯可能会产生可溶性砷物质，从而导致新的和更多的砷的产生 显着的地下水（GW）污染物。同样，苯系物释放到含水层会导致快速消耗 氧和其他电子受体的结合，导致砷的迁移。实现有效目标的关键挑战 不使用砷的生物修复正在了解地下微生物的多尺度复杂性 可以促进砷的有用转化，同时也以降解砷为目标的社区 有机共污染物。我们假设了解结构、功能和互养 参与砷转化的微生物群落的相互作用可以导致优化的同步反应 准金属砷以及氯化溶剂和芳香烃的生物修复。为了测试这个 假设，我们将丰富和构建文化 以及共污染物转化并应用基于元组学的方法 描述这些社区内的互动。然后我们将评估这些丰富的反应 以及扰动和各种共污染物暴露的联合体（目标 1-3）。我们随后将 开发模型为新设计提供预测输入，以实现这些混合物的有效生物修复（目标 4). 来自受污染的 GW 和沉积物 砷循环 这项研究开发的知识和模型对于提供指导很有价值 生物修复从业者改善操作和实践，以应对共同发生的共同地点 砷、溶剂和芳烃的混合物。