Optimal magnification and oculomotor strategies in low vision patients

低视力患者的最佳放大倍率和动眼神经策略

• 批准号: 9309502
• 负责人: ROBERT W. MASSOF
• 金额: $ 40.86万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-06-01 至 2020-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9309502
• 关键词: Adverse effects; Area; Bilateral; Binocular Vision; Blindness; Central Scotomas; Computers; Confusion; Contrast Sensitivity; Custom; Development; Discrimination; Environment; Exercise; Eye; Eye Movements; Face; Facial Expression; Facial Expression Recognition; Frustration; Goals; Head; Head Movements; Home environment; Image; Learning; Life; Location; Measures; Modeling; Mus; Patient Self-Report; Patients; Performance; Peripheral; Positioning Attribute; Process; Prosthesis; Questionnaires; Reading; Research; Resolution; Retina; Retinal; Retinal blind spot; Saccades; Scotoma; Self-Help Devices; Severities; Shapes; Speed; Strategic Planning; Symptoms; System; Technology; Testing; Time; Training; Training Programs; Translating; Update; Vision; Vision research; Visual; Visual Acuity; Visual Fields; Visual impairment; base; contrast enhanced; design; digital; digital imaging; exercise program; eye hand coordination; falls; fovea centralis; gaze; image processing; improved; innovation; instrumental activity of daily living; interest; macula; monocular; motor control; novel strategies; oculomotor; virtual; virtual reality; vision rehabilitation; visual motor

PROJECT ABSTRACT Low vision patients with bilateral central scotomas usually develop a preferred retinal locus (PRL) close to the border of the scotoma that tries to substitute for the lost foveae. However, functionally the PRL falls short of the challenge and such patients have poor visual acuity and contrast sensitivity, poor oculomotor control, and frequently lose objects of interest in the nearby perceptually filled-in binocular scotoma. We are proposing a new approach to low vision enhancement and low vision rehabilitation for these patients using real-time digital processing and remapping of large field of view images presented binocularly in a head-mounted display equipped with video scene cameras and eye and head trackers. Specifically, we propose testing the benefits and side-effects of an innovative vision enhancement strategy called the HMD-bubble, which is a localized region of magnification and contrast enhancement in a video image from a camera mounted on a head mounted display (HMD). There are two types of HMD-bubbles we have implemented: the "fixed" HMD-bubble where the region of magnification is "fixed" relative to display coordinates, and the "eye tracking" HMD-bubble where the region of magnification follows patients' eye movements. The size, shape, and level of magnification of both HMD-bubbles can be dynamically adjusted by the patient, allowing customization of the HMD-bubbles. The fixed HMD-bubble is relatively easy for patients to usel. The eye tracking HMD-bubble however is generally much harder for patients to control when they first use it, necessitating the development of exercises and training programs. Since eye movements are faster than head movements, the eye tracking HMD-bubble should be superior to the fixed bubble, if patients can learn to control it. We will also investigate the potential benefits of providing stereo binocular information in and/or around a HMD-bubble, as that step is arguably the most important remaining development at this time with HMD vision enhancement systems.. Aim 1 is to measure the performance of low vision patients with bilateral central scotomas in tasks relevant to their daily lives when using a fixed or eye tracking HMD-bubble. The performance measures include reading, facial expression recognition and identification, eye-hand coordination, and speed and accuracy of performing selected daily living tasks. We also will periodically measure discomfort severity associated with “simulator sickness”. Aim 2 is to develop and evaluate exercises and training programs designed to help patients adjust to and optimize the use of a HMD-bubble. Aim 3 is to determine if stereo binocular information in and/or around HMD-bubbles is of potential benefit to patients. We will use monocular and binocular contrast sensitivity measures to determine if binocular inhibition or suppression is occurring and measure the location of corresponding retinal points to determine if the patient can attain single binocular vision and to what extent the magnification bubble distorts the horopter. Finally, we will explore patients’ capabilities of controlling the binocular eye tracking bubble while making vergence eye movements.

项目摘要 具有双侧中心暗点的低视力患者通常在靠近中心暗点的位置形成优选的视网膜轨迹（PRL）。 试图替代丢失的中央凹的暗点的边界。然而，在功能上，PRL福尔斯达不到 这些患者的视力和对比敏感度差，视力控制差， 经常在附近感知填充的双眼暗点中丢失感兴趣的对象。我们建议 一种新的方法来提高低视力和低视力康复这些患者使用实时数字 在头戴式显示器中双眼呈现的大视场图像的处理和重映射 配备了视频场景摄像机和眼睛和头部跟踪器。具体来说，我们建议测试 和副作用的创新视觉增强战略称为HMD泡沫，这是一个本地化的 在来自安装在头部的摄像机的视频图像中的放大和对比度增强的区域 安装显示器（HMD）我们实现了两种类型的HMD气泡：“固定”HMD气泡 其中放大区域相对于显示坐标是“固定的”，并且“眼睛跟踪”HMD气泡 其中放大区域跟随患者的眼球运动。放大的大小、形状和水平 可以由患者动态地调整两个HMD气泡的宽度，从而允许定制HMD气泡。 固定的HMD气泡对于患者来说相对容易使用。然而，眼动追踪HMD气泡 一般来说，当病人第一次使用它时，他们更难控制，因此有必要进行锻炼 和培训计划。由于眼睛运动比头部运动快，因此眼睛跟踪HMD气泡 如果患者能够学会控制它，应该上级于固定气泡。我们还将研究 在HMD气泡中和/或周围提供立体双目信息的好处，因为该步骤可以说是 最重要的剩余发展在这个时候与HMD视觉增强系统。目的1是 测量具有双侧中心暗点的低视力患者在与其日常生活相关的任务中的表现 使用固定或眼动跟踪HMD气泡时的生命。绩效指标包括阅读、面部表情 表情识别与辨认、手眼协调、表演速度与准确性 选定的日常生活任务。我们还将定期测量与“模拟器”相关的不适严重程度 病”。目标2是开发和评估旨在帮助患者调整的练习和训练计划 来优化头盔显示器气泡的使用目的3是确定立体双目信息是否在和/或 在HMD-气泡周围对患者具有潜在益处。我们将使用单眼和双眼对比 灵敏度测量，以确定是否发生双眼抑制或抑制，并测量 通过测量相应的视网膜点来确定患者是否可以获得单双眼视觉以及在多大程度上可以获得单双眼视觉。 放大气泡会扭曲双眼单视界。最后，我们将探讨患者控制 双眼眼球跟踪气泡，同时进行聚散眼球运动。