BLR&D Research Career Scientist Award

BLR

• 批准号: 9338966
• 负责人: Todd A Wyatt
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: OMAHA VA MEDICAL CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-04-01 至 2022-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9338966
• 关键词: Acetaldehyde; Adaptive Immune System; Address; Admission activity; Age; Agriculture; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Aldehydes; Animal Model; Area; Award; Binding; Biochemical; Biological Markers; Bronchoalveolar Lavage; Caring; Chronic; Cigarette; Cilia; Clinical; Colorado; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; Data; Dimerization; Dust; Environment; Environmental Exposure; Environmental Impact; Epithelial; Epithelial Cells; Extramural Activities; Funding; Grant; Health; Health Care Costs; Health Care Research; Healthcare Systems; Heavy Drinking; Hospitals; Human; Immunity; Immunoglobulin A; Impairment; Individual; Infection; Inflammation; Inflammatory; Laboratories; Life; Liquid substance; Lung; Lung diseases; Malondialdehyde; Manuscripts; Military Personnel; Molecular; Morbidity - disease rate; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Natural Immunity; Pathogenesis; Pathologic; Peer Review; Play; Pneumonia; Population; Predisposition; Proteins; Public Health; Publishing; Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein D; Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Proteins; Recording of previous events; Regulation; Research; Research Project Grants; Resolution; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections; Risk; Role; Sampling; Savings; Science; Scientist; Secretory Immunoglobulin A; Seminal; Services; Smoke; Smoker; Smoking; Source; Substance abuse problem; System; TNF-alpha converting enzyme; Translating; Trauma; Veterans; Virus; Virus Diseases; Work; adduct; airway epithelium; airway inflammation; alcohol exposure; alcohol research; alcohol response; alcohol use disorder; antimicrobial; career; cigarette smoking; cigarette smoking; cohort; cost; delta protein; desensitization; dimer; disorder risk; environmental tobacco smoke exposure; experience; improved; inflammatory lung disease; interest; lung injury; macrophage; member; mortality; mouse model; neutrophil; novel; pathogen; pre-clinical; pre-clinical research; prevent; programs; protein kinase C epsilon; response; scavenger receptor; sex

My primary research interests address chronic inflammatory lung diseases and the impact that environmental exposures play in the compromise of lung innate defense against pathologic lung injury. Utilizing pre-clinical mouse models and state-of-the-art molecular, biochemical, and cellular approaches, I collaborate closely with pulmonologists who practice at the VA to conduct relevant pre-clinical research that can be used to address current clinical concerns. Listed below is a summary of my VA- funded research project: Malondialdehyde-acetaldehyde adducts and lung injury. Alcohol abuse causing increased susceptibility to pneumonia has been known for over 200 years. Hospitalized individuals with alcohol use disorders (AUDs) have a 3-fold risk of mortality from pneumonia. Alcohol modulates both the innate and adaptive immune systems of the lung resulting in increased susceptibility and decreased resolution of infection. Because the majority (>90%) individuals with AUDs smoke cigarettes, we have chosen to take the public health relevant approach of studying the combination lung injury effects of both cigarettes and alcohol. In our previous funding cycle, we identified that the lungs represent a unique environment for the formation of stable malondialdehyde- acetaldehyde protein adducts (MAA adducts), but only under conditions of combined cigarette smoke and alcohol exposure. These MAA adducts cause airway epithelial cell cilia slowing and impair the innate pathogen clearance from the lung. Our published and preliminary data demonstrate that surfactant protein D (SPD) is a major lung protein that gets adducted when lung aldehyde concentrations are elevated during combined smoke and alcohol exposure. Using human samples derived from the NIAAA-supported Colorado Pulmonary Alcohol Research Consortium, we have found that MAA adducts are detected in the lung lavage macrophages and fluid only in individuals with AUDs who also smoke. We have observed that the AUD smokers have decreased lung mucosal sIgA and that MAA adduct treatment of airway epithelium blocks transcytotic processing of sIgA mucosal secretion. Because of these important and novel observations, we now propose to extend our research on the pathogenesis of the MAA adduct to lung macrophages, mucosal sIgA, and SPD. Our overall hypothesis is that MAA adducts uniquely form in the lungs of individuals who consume both alcohol and smoke cigarettes, leading to alterations in innate lung defense. We will investigate this hypothesis through 3 aims: Aim 1: MAA adducted lung SPD (MAA-SPD) binds to lung macrophages via scavenger receptor A leading to alterations in macrophage function; Aim 2: MAA-SPD prevents sIgA mucosal secretion in lung by altering epithelial cell processing of dimerized IgA; and Aim 3: MAA adduction of SPD decreases its anti- microbial action (Funded by the Department of Veterans Affairs Merit Award: VA I01 BX003635; 2016-2020).

我的主要研究兴趣是慢性炎症性肺病和 环境暴露对肺天然防御功能影响 对抗病理性肺损伤利用临床前小鼠模型和最先进的 分子，生物化学和细胞的方法，我与 在VA执业的肺病学家进行相关的临床前研究， 用于解决当前的临床问题。下面是我的总结。 资助研究项目： 丙二醛-乙醛加合物与肺损伤。酒精滥用导致 200多年前就知道对肺炎的易感性增加。住院 酒精使用障碍（AUDs）患者的死亡风险为3倍， 肺炎酒精调节先天性和适应性免疫系统， 肺导致易感性增加和感染消退降低。因为 大多数（>90%）AUD患者吸烟，我们选择服用 联合肺损伤效应研究的公共卫生相关途径 香烟和酒精。在我们之前的资助周期中，我们发现肺 代表了形成稳定的丙二醛的独特环境- 乙醛蛋白加合物（MAA加合物），但仅在组合的条件下 吸烟和酒精暴露。这些MAA加合物导致气道上皮细胞 纤毛减慢并损害先天性病原体从肺中的清除。我们的出版和 初步数据表明表面活性蛋白D（SPD）是一种主要的肺蛋白， 当混合烟雾中肺醛浓度升高时， 和酒精暴露。使用来自NIAAA支持的 科罗拉多肺酒精研究联合会，我们发现MAA加合物 仅在AUD患者的肺灌洗液巨噬细胞和液体中检测到 他们也抽烟。我们观察到AUD吸烟者的肺功能下降， 粘膜sIgA和MAA加合物处理气道上皮阻断胞吞转运 sIgA粘膜分泌的加工。由于这些重要而新颖的 观察，我们现在建议扩大我们的研究的发病机制的MAA 肺巨噬细胞、粘膜sIgA和SPD的加合物。我们的总体假设是 MAA加合物独特地形成于既饮酒又吸烟的人的肺中。 吸烟，导致先天肺防御的改变。我们会调查的 目的1：MAA内收肺SPD（MAA-SPD）与肺结合 巨噬细胞通过清道夫受体A导致巨噬细胞功能改变; 目的2：MAA-SPD通过改变肺上皮细胞的结构，抑制sIgA的分泌， 目的3：SPD的MAA加合降低了其抗-伊加抗体的表达。 微生物作用（由退伍军人事务部资助，优异奖：VA I 01 BX 003635; 2016-2020）。