The Relation Between Physical Activity and Cognitive Change in Older Latinos

描述（由申请人提供）：认知能力下降是一个主要的公共卫生问题，与其他老年美国人相比，可能不成比例地影响老年拉丁美洲人。越来越多的流行病学研究证据表明，体力活动（PA），一种可改变的健康行为，可以改善老年人的认知功能，减少认知能力下降。老年拉丁美洲人没有被纳入PA和认知能力下降的研究，尽管他们的人数不断增加，认知障碍的风险增加，他们的整体健康状况相对较差。这项研究的目的是探讨生活方式PA对老年拉丁美洲人认知能力下降的影响。该研究将建立在认知和身体活动社区老年人研究（CAPACES）的基础上，以收集第二个时间点的PA数据和认知功能。CAPACES是一项描述性的横断面研究，研究对象为174名50岁或以上的拉美裔人，基线时无行走障碍或痴呆，招募自芝加哥大都市区的11个主要拉美裔社区。拟议的研究目标是：（1）检查生活方式PA对五到六年后在老年拉丁裔中测量的认知功能变化的影响（通过基线时的自我报告和加速度计测量），控制背景特征（人口统计学、文化适应、既往健康状况）;和（2）检查PA变化对基线背景特征和认知功能变化之间关系的中介作用。将使用老年人社区健康活动模型计划（CHAMPS）对休闲和家庭PA进行自我报告，并通过捕获PA计数、持续时间和强度的Actigraph加速度计客观地重新评估PA行为。认知功能将重新评估与执行功能和情景记忆的五个神经认知测试，最常见的认知能力被证明是由PA的影响。其他措施包括文化适应，糖尿病和高血压史，流行病学中心抑郁量表。将使用分层回归模型回归基线PA的五项认知功能指标（结局变量）的变化，控制背景特征。将进行中介模型分析，由背景特征，PA的变化和五到六年内认知功能的变化组成。研究结果将为老年拉丁美洲人的干预措施的发展提供信息，这些干预措施增加了生活方式PA，以维持随着年龄增长的认知功能。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Cognitive decline is a major public health problem that may disproportionately affect older Latinos compared to other older Americans. Growing evidence from epidemiological studies suggests that physical activity (PA), a modifiable health behavior, may improve cognitive function and reduce cognitive decline in older adults. Older Latinos have not been targeted for inclusion in studies of PA and cognitive decline, despite their growing numbers, their increased risk of cognitive impairment, and their relatively poor overall health status. The purpose of the proposed study is to explore the effect of lifestyle PA on cognitive decline in older Latinos. The study will build on the Cognition and Physical Activity Community Elderly Study (CAPACES) to collect a second time-point of PA data and cognitive function. CAPACES is a descriptive, cross-sectional study of 174 Latinos who were 50 years of age or older and without ambulatory disabilities or dementia at baseline, and recruited from 11 predominantly Latino communities in the Chicago metropolitan area. The proposed study aims are: (1) examine the effects of lifestyle PA, as measured with self-report and accelerometer at baseline, on change in cognitive function measured five to six years later in older Latinos, controlling for background characteristics (demographics, acculturation, previous health status); and (2) examine the mediating effects of change in PA on the relation between baseline background characteristics and change in cognitive function. PA behavior will be reassessed subjectively by self-report using the Community Healthy Activities Model Program for Seniors (CHAMPS) for leisure and household PA and objectively by the Actigraph accelerometer, which captures PA counts, duration, and intensity. Cognitive function will be reassessed with a battery of five neurocognitive tests of executive function and episodic memory, the cognitive abilities most frequently shown to be influenced by PA. Additional measures include acculturation, history of diabetes and hypertension, and Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression scale. A hierarchal regression model will be used to regress change in the five cognitive function measures (outcome variables) on baseline PA controlling for background characteristics. A mediation model analysis will be conducted, made up of background characteristics, change in PA, and change in cognitive function over five to six years. The study findings will inform the development of interventions for older Latinos that increase lifestyle PA to maintain cognitive function with age.