High Sensitivity Diffuse Optical Tomography of Human Brain Funciton

人脑功能的高灵敏度漫反射光学断层扫描

• 批准号: 10308718
• 负责人: JOSEPH P CULVER
• 金额: $ 52.2万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-08-01 至 2025-11-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10308718
• 关键词: Acute; Address; Algorithms; Anatomy; Biological Assay; Blood; Blood flow; Brain; Brain imaging; Brain region; Caliber; Carotid Arteries; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Cerebrum; Clinical; Critical Care; Data; Development; Diffuse; Diffusion; Edema; Event; Evolution; Fiber; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Grant; Head; Hemoglobin; Hemorrhage; Homeostasis; Hour; Human; Image; Impairment; Infarction; Intracranial Pressure; Ischemia; Ischemic Stroke; Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; Lasers; Light; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Maps; Measurement; Measures; Methods; Modality; Modeling; Modernization; Monitor; Morphologic artifacts; Motion; Near-Infrared Spectroscopy; Neurology; Noise; Optical Tomography; Optics; Patients; Pattern; Perfusion; Photic Stimulation; Photons; Positron-Emission Tomography; Premature Birth; Rattus; Research; Resolution; Scalp structure; Signal Transduction; Source; Specificity; Spectrum Analysis; Speed; System; Technical Expertise; Techniques; Time; Tissues; Translating; Traumatic Brain Injury; Work; acute stroke; arterial spin labeling; artery occlusion; base; cerebrovascular; cranium; data quality; density; detector; diffuse optical tomography; experience; functional near infrared spectroscopy; hypoxic ischemic injury; imaging approach; imaging modality; imprint; in vivo; indexing; instrumentation; neuroimaging; optical imaging; post stroke; reconstruction; respiratory challenge; sensor; spatiotemporal; statistics; stroke patient; tomography

Project Summary: This grant will develop speckle contrast optical tomography (SCOT) for imaging of cerebral blood flow dynamics in humans. Real-time maps of cerebral blood flow (CBF) at the bedside are a long sought-after assay for neuro-critical care. Most critically, regional CBF measures can indicate which brain regions may be becoming ischemic and are at danger for hypoxic-ischemic injury. Current clinical methods for imaging CBF include positron emission tomography (PET) and arterial spin labeling with Magnetic Resonance Imaging (ASL- MRI). Both modalities provide only snapshots of CBF, though, thus they miss dynamic events, which are important in many clinical scenarios including acute stroke, traumatic brain injury, and preterm birth. Non-invasive optical techniques are an attractive approach for imaging brain blood dynamics at the bedside. The most widely used non-invasive optical neuroimaging technique uses near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to measure fluctuations in hemoglobin concentrations. Over the last decade high-density diffuse optical tomography (HD-DOT) systems have made significant advances in resolution and brain specificity making it an increasingly viable surrogate for functional MRI. However, fNIRS and HD-DOT do not measure flow directly. Separately, there have been considerable advances in laser speckle methods for measuring CBF. The most established deep tissue speckle method, diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS), has been developed for in vivo tomographic imaging in rat models of focal ischemia and for monitoring brain perfusion in humans. However, in humans DCS has been limited to few spatial measurements, which precludes tomographic imaging, and by instrumentation that permits only very low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) measurements. This proposal will address these limitations and develop speckle contrast optical tomography (SCOT), a new method for transcranial optical imaging of relative CBF in humans. SCOT allows for the use of lower speed detectors that could readily be implemented in parallel in modern scientific CMOS cameras. Aim 1 will develop SCOT instrumentation with high-density imaging arrays. Aim 2 will develop anatomically derived head models for reconstructing SCOT images. Aim 3 will validate SCOT-based measures in patients with carotid artery occlusions based on comparison to PET and ASL-MRI. Aim 4 will evaluate the longitudinal feasibility of using SCOT for imaging acute stroke. These studies will represent the culmination of several advances in functional neuroimaging made possible by the research teams’ unique combination of clinical and technical expertise across the domains of neurology, functional neuroimaging and biomedical optics.

项目概要： 该基金将用于开发用于脑血流成像的斑点对比光学断层扫描（SCOT 人类的动力学长期以来，床旁脑血流（CBF）的实时图一直是人们所追求的。 用于神经重症监护。最关键的是，区域CBF测量可以指示哪些大脑区域 可能变得缺血，并处于缺氧缺血性损伤的危险中。当前的临床方法 成像CBF包括正电子发射断层扫描（PET）和动脉自旋标记与磁 共振成像（ASL-MRI）。然而，这两种模式都只提供了CBF的快照，因此它们错过了 动态事件，在许多临床场景中非常重要，包括急性中风、脑外伤 损伤和早产。无创光学技术是一种有吸引力的脑成像方法 血液动力学检查最广泛使用的非侵入性光学神经成像技术使用 近红外光谱（NIRS）测量血红蛋白浓度的波动。在过去 十年来，高密度漫射光学层析成像（HD-DOT）系统在以下方面取得了重大进展： 分辨率和大脑特异性使其成为功能性MRI越来越可行的替代品。然而，在这方面， fNIRS和HD-DOT不直接测量流量。另外，在以下方面也取得了相当大的进展： 激光散斑法测量CBF。最成熟的深层组织散斑方法，扩散 相关光谱（DCS），已开发用于在体内断层成像的大鼠模型， 局灶性缺血和用于监测人脑灌注。 然而，在人类中，DCS仅限于很少的空间测量，这排除了断层扫描。 成像，以及通过仅允许非常低的信噪比（SNR）测量的仪器。 这项建议将解决这些限制，并开发斑点对比光学断层扫描（SCOT）， 一种新的经颅光学成像方法，用于人类相对CBF的成像。SCOT允许使用较低的 速度检测器，可以很容易地实现在现代科学CMOS相机并行。要求1 将开发具有高密度成像阵列的SCOT仪器。目标2将在解剖学上发展 用于重建SCOT图像的导出的头部模型。目标3将验证基于SCOT的措施， 基于与PET和ASL-MRI的比较的颈动脉闭塞患者。目标4将评估 SCOT用于急性卒中成像的纵向可行性。这些研究将代表 研究小组在功能性神经成像方面取得的几项进展的高潮， 独特的临床和技术专长的结合，横跨神经病学，功能， 神经成像和生物医学光学。