Influence of sleep-like states on mosquito behavior and physiology

睡眠状态对蚊子行为和生理的影响

• 批准号: 10655619
• 负责人: Josh B. Benoit
• 金额: $ 22.68万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-07-01 至 2025-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10655619
• 关键词: Aedes; Animals; Anopheles Genus; Arousal; Behavior; Behavioral; Binding; Biological; Biology; Blood; Characteristics; Comparative Study; Culex pipiens; Culicidae; Darkness; Data; Development; Disease Vectors; Drosophila melanogaster; Environment; Epidemiology; Equipment; Experimental Designs; Goals; Human Activities; Immobilization; Immune; Insecta; Insecticide Resistance; Knowledge; Leg; Light; Link; Measures; Mechanics; Metabolism; Methods; Molecular; Monitor; Neurobiology; Neurons; Outcome; Output; Pattern; Phenotype; Physiological; Physiology; Planet Earth; Population; Positioning Attribute; Posture; Protocols documentation; Reproduction; Research; Rest; Role; Sensory Deprivation; Sleep; Sleep Deprivation; Sleep disturbances; System; Testing; Transcript; Vector-transmitted infectious disease; Vectorial capacity; Viral Vector; West Nile virus; Work; Yellow Fever; Zika Virus; behavioral phenotyping; disease transmission; feeding; fitness; fly; improved; innovation; malaria mosquito; neural; novel; pathogen; preference; prevent; reproductive; stress tolerance; success; transcriptome sequencing; transmission process; urban area; vector; vector transmission; viral transmission

Project summary Sleep is critical for nearly all animals. This state is characterized by a specific set of parameters for each species however there is a lack of sleep-based studies in mosquitoes. This should be considered a major knowledge gap in mosquito biology and potentially hinders the development of new control methods and our understanding of factors influencing vectorial capacity. Our preliminary studies suggest that there will likely be explicit factors underlying mosquito sleep, which need to be fully characterized to define this biological state in mosquitoes. The focus of the proposed work is to provide the first extensive characterization of mosquito sleep. After sleep has been defind, studies on the manipulation of sleep will discern how reduced sleep (e.g., induced by human activity in urban areas) may alter behavioral and physiological aspects of mosquitoes such as host preference, blood- feeding, reproductive output, and viral transmission. These studies are supported by the following: 1) Historic and our preliminary observations of putative sleep postures of mosquitoes, 2) Initial activity monitoring results that establish that day and night active mosquitoes sleep at higher rates during the night and day, respectively, 3) targeted studies suggesting that sleep can be prevented by mechanical disturbance that impacts subsequent host landing, 4) Preliminary data showing a reduction of spontaneous neural activity after prolonged rest, 5) Our development of novel sensory deprivation equipment that allows for mosquito observation without host interference to pinpoint differences that could be related to mosquito sleep-like states, and 6) Integrative and innovative experimental design that ranges from basic behavioral analyses to neuronal recording that will provide an encompassing view of the mosquito sleep state. This study has two specific aims: Specific Aim 1. Establishing the characteristics associated with sleep-like states in mosquitoes. Specific Aim 2. Defining shifts in mosquito fitness, behavior, and viral transmission following sleep deprivation. Upon completion of these specific aims, our expected outcomes are to have defined sleep-like states in mosquitoes and, subsequently, how sleep deprivation impacts a range of epidemiologically relevant biological aspects. This will be transformative to the research field and will set the stage for multiple lines of research. Most importantly, these studies will create a novel paradigm, where aspects of mosquito biology should be measured under two independent periods: a non-resting (no sleep) and sleep-like status. Finally, our anticipated results are likely to inform on the adaptations of mosquitoes to urban areas where host activity patterns and light/dark conditions are decoupled from day/night successions and could impact sleep, mosquito-host interactions, and potentially patterns of disease transmission.

项目总结 睡眠对几乎所有动物来说都是至关重要的。这种状态的特征是每个物种都有一组特定的参数 然而，目前还缺乏针对蚊子的睡眠研究。这应该被认为是一门重要的知识 蚊子生物学方面的差距，并可能阻碍新控制方法的发展和我们对 影响载体容量的因素。我们的初步研究表明，可能会有明确的因素 潜在的蚊子睡眠，需要充分描述蚊子的这种生物状态。这个 拟议工作的重点是提供第一个广泛的蚊子睡眠特征。在睡了之后 已经发现，关于睡眠操纵的研究将辨别睡眠减少(例如，由人类活动引起的) 在城市地区)可能会改变蚊子的行为和生理方面，如寄主偏好、血液和 摄食、繁殖和病毒传播。这些研究得到了以下支持：1)历史 以及我们对蚊子可能的睡眠姿势的初步观察，2)初步的活动监测结果 这表明白天和夜间活动的蚊子在夜间和白天的睡眠频率分别较高， 3)有针对性的研究表明，睡眠可以通过影响后续睡眠的机械干扰来阻止 宿主着陆，4)初步数据显示，长时间休息后自发神经活动减少，5)我们的 无宿主观察蚊子的新型感官剥夺设备的研制 干扰以找出可能与蚊子睡眠状态有关的差异，以及6)综合和 创新的实验设计，从基本的行为分析到神经元记录，将提供 蚊子睡眠状态的全景。这项研究有两个具体目标： 具体目标1.建立与蚊子睡眠状态相关的特征。 具体目标2.确定睡眠剥夺后蚊子健康状况、行为和病毒传播的变化。 在完成这些特定目标后，我们的预期结果是在 蚊子以及随后睡眠不足如何影响一系列流行病学相关的生物学 方面。这将对研究领域产生革命性的影响，并将为多条研究路线铺平道路。多数 重要的是，这些研究将创造一种新的范式，在这里应该测量蚊子生物学的各个方面 在两个独立的时期下：不休息(无睡眠)和似睡眠状态。最后，我们的预期结果 可能会告知蚊子对寄主活动模式和明/暗的城市地区的适应情况 条件与昼夜交替分离，并可能影响睡眠、蚊子与宿主的相互作用以及 潜在的疾病传播模式。