Economic Contextual Influences on Population Diet and Obesity

经济背景对人口饮食和肥胖的影响

• 批准号: 7930632
• 负责人: Lisa Powell
• 金额: $ 53.25万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-30 至 2011-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7930632
• 关键词: Adolescent; Adult; Advocate; Affect; American; Area; Behavior; Beverages; Body mass index; Candy; Cardiovascular Diseases; Censuses; Child; Chronic Disease; Data; Data Analyses; Data Set; Diet; Dietary Practices; Dietary intake; Eating; Economics; Effectiveness; Energy Intake; Energy Metabolism; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Face; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Food; Food Access; Home environment; Individual; Intake; Knowledge; Link; Literature; Longitudinal Surveys; Low Income Population; Low income; Malignant Neoplasms; Measures; New York; Obesity; Pattern; Policies; Policy Maker; Population; Prevalence; Price; Public Health; Research; Restaurants; Risk; Sales; Sampling; Services; Socioeconomic Status; Supermarket; Taxation; Taxes; Variant; density; fast food; food consumption; indexing; sugar

Poor diet and obesity have been linked to increased risks for a number of chronic diseases including cancer and cardiovascular diseases. The proposed research will investigate the relationship between food (candy, baked goods, and chips), beverage (soda) and restaurant state sales taxes and food consumption patterns, diet quality, body mass index (BMI) and obesity prevalence among children, adolescents, and adults. The proposed project will build substantially on the previous literature which has linked food prices but not taxes to individual-level population data. These food and beverage sales taxes are on items that are usually high in either sugar and/or fat and given that most of these taxes already exist in a number of states (with substantial variation across states) they are likely to be starting points for potential policy changes. Thus, this research would provide policy makers with evidence on the extent to which implementing or increasing any of these state-level taxes is likely to affect food consumption behavior, diet quality and related BMI and obesity. All analyses will control for the local area availability of food stores and restaurants. We also propose specific analyses of low-income sub-samples and, in particular, we will examine low-income food stamp recipients and non-recipients separately because when purchased by food stamp recipients, such items are exempt from the tax. The specific aims of this project are threefold: 1) Examine the relationship between soda, candy, baked goods, chips and restaurant sales taxes and dietary patterns (intake of taxed food/beverage items and consumption of FAFH) and diet quality (total caloric intake, % fat and/or % sugar in diet, and overall healthy eating index); 2) Examine the relationship between soda, candy, baked goods, chips and restaurant sales taxes and BMI and obesity prevalence; and, 3) Examine the proposed relationships separately for low-income populations and assess the differences in tax sensitivity between low-income food stamp and non-food stamp recipients. To accomplish these aims, the proposed research will conduct secondary data analyses, using a unique combination of four types of data: 1) state-level food, beverage and restaurant sales tax rates; 2) local area outlet density measures of food stores and restaurants; 3) local area socioeconomic status drawn from the Census; and, 4) nationally representative population data on dietary intake and measured BMI for children, adolescents and adults from four data sets including three longitudinal surveys. To our knowledge, the proposed project represents the most comprehensive exploration to date of the contextual relationship between specific food, beverage and restaurant taxes and individuals' dietary patterns, diet quality and BMI. Given the serious public health risk posed by poor diet and obesity prevalence, this research can provide important information for policymakers and public health advocates about the potential effectiveness of implementing or increasing existing tax rates on soda, candy, baked goods, chips and restaurants.

不良饮食和肥胖与包括癌症在内的许多慢性疾病的风险增加有关 和心血管疾病。拟议的研究将调查食物（糖果， 烘焙食品和薯条），饮料（苏打水）和餐馆国家销售税和食品消费模式， 儿童、青少年和成人的饮食质量、体重指数（BMI）和肥胖患病率。的 拟议的项目将在很大程度上建立在以前的文献，这些文献将食品价格而不是税收联系起来， 个人层面的数据。这些食品和饮料销售税是对项目，通常是高， 无论是糖和/或脂肪，并考虑到这些税收中的大多数已经存在于一些国家（与大量 各国之间的差异），它们很可能是潜在政策变化的起点。因此，本研究 将为政策制定者提供证据，说明实施或增加任何这些措施的程度。 州一级的税收可能会影响食品消费行为、饮食质量以及相关的BMI和肥胖。所有 分析将控制当地食品商店和餐馆的可用性。我们还提出具体的 分析低收入子样本，特别是，我们将研究低收入食品券领取者， 非领取者分开，因为当食品券领取者购买时， 税这个项目的具体目标有三个方面：1）研究苏打水，糖果，烘焙之间的关系 商品、薯条和餐馆销售税以及饮食模式（摄入征税食品/饮料， 饮食质量（总热量摄入、饮食中的脂肪%和/或糖%，以及总体健康状况） 饮食指数）; 2）检查苏打水，糖果，烘焙食品，薯条和餐馆销售之间的关系 税收、BMI和肥胖患病率;以及3）分别检查低收入人群的拟议关系 人口，并评估低收入食品券和非食品券之间的税收敏感性差异 受惠人士为了实现这些目标，拟议的研究将使用 四种类型的数据的独特组合：1）国家级食品，饮料和餐馆销售税率; 2）地方 食品商店和餐馆的区域出口密度措施; 3）从 人口普查;以及，4）关于儿童饮食摄入量和测量BMI的全国代表性人口数据， 青少年和成年人从四个数据集，包括三个纵向调查。据我们所知， 拟议的项目代表了迄今为止对上下文关系的最全面的探索 具体的食品，饮料和餐馆税与个人的饮食模式，饮食质量和BMI之间的关系。 考虑到不良饮食和肥胖流行所带来的严重公共健康风险，这项研究可以提供 为政策制定者和公共卫生倡导者提供关于 实施或提高对苏打水、糖果、烘焙食品、薯条和餐馆的现有税率。