A Multimethod Examination of Individual and Environment Contributors to Racial Inequities in Cannabis Use

对大麻使用中种族不平等的个人和环境因素的多方法检验

• 批准号: 10732346
• 负责人: Sarah L Pedersen
• 金额: $ 70.07万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-07-01 至 2028-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10732346
• 关键词: Acute; Address; Adult; African American; Age Years; Black American; Black Populations; Black race; Cannabis; Characteristics; Chronic; Chronic stress; Cognition; Communities; Coupling; Data; Development; Discrimination; Ecological momentary assessment; Education; Emotional; Emotions; Enrollment; Ensure; Environment; Event; Frequencies; Funding; Income; Individual; Inequity; Institutional Racism; Intervention; Interview; Laboratories; Literature; Measures; Methods; Modeling; National Institute of Drug Abuse; Outcome; Participant; Persons; Physiological; Pilot Projects; Play; Policies; Population; Process; Protocols documentation; Public Health; Questionnaires; Race; Reporting; Research; Role; Sampling; Standardization; Stress; Surveys; Testing; Time; Transact; acute stress; aged; assigned female at birth; cannabis craving; caucasian American; community engaged research; coping; craving; emotion regulation; experience; follow-up; health equity; health inequalities; heart rate variability; marijuana use; marijuana use disorder; racial difference; racial disparity; racial population; racism; recruit; sex; socioeconomic disadvantage; statistics; stressor; substance use; young adult

Project Summary Significance: Black relative to White young adults engage in heavier cannabis use and are more likely to experience cannabis use disorder. The reasons for these inequities, including the role of stress caused by systemic racism, are poorly understood and in critical need of empirical study. The proposed community- engaged R01 examines the dynamic transactions between stressors, reactivity (physiological and emotional), and cannabis cognitions (craving, motives) to identify the processes that contribute to inequities in cannabis use outcomes for Black young adults. Aims: Aim 1 will examine differences between Black and White young adults in cannabis cognitions and cannabis problems in relation to acute stressors. Aim 2 will test reactivity as a between- and within- person characteristic that tightens the effect of experiencing a stressor on cannabis cognitions and cannabis outcomes. Aim 3 will examine the transaction among cannabis use, cannabis cognitions, and reactivity from BL through 12-month follow-up. Hypotheses: We hypothesize that Black relative to White young adults will report higher cannabis craving, coping motives, and cannabis problems. These differences will be partially driven by acute stressors, including discrimination events. Additionally, as a function of systemic racism, Black relative to White young adults will have heightened reactivity to acute stressors, which will tighten the association between acute stress exposure and cannabis cognitions. Black more than White young adults will increase their cannabis use and problems through the 6- and 12-month follow-ups and this increase will be driven by higher baseline cannabis cognitions. Increases in cannabis use from baseline to 6-month follow-up will be associated with increased reactivity at 12-month follow-up. In turn, increased reactivity will relate to tightened associations between acute stress exposure and cannabis cognitions during the 12-month ecological momentary assessment (EMA). Approach: Young adults who use cannabis (weekly+ freq.; N=350; 18-25 years of age; 60% self-identifying as Black, 50% assigned female at birth; matched across race on past 30-day cannabis use freq.) will be recruited. Participants will complete an interview/questionnaires and a standardized stress task to assess reactivity (subjective, physiological: HF- HRV) and craving. Next, participants will complete a 17-day EMA protocol to record stress and discrimination events, reactivity (subjective and physiological), cannabis cognitions, and cannabis use/problems. Parallel lab and EMA protocols will be completed at a 12-month follow-up with a brief survey of cannabis use and problems at 6 months. This proposal is directly in line with NIDA’s strategic priorities on increasing health equity through community-engaged research and NIDA’s focus on addressing real-world complexities that contribute to substance use problems. This research takes a critical step towards identifying proximal points of intervention to reduce and ultimately eliminate the growing health inequities in cannabis use outcomes.

项目概要 意义：相对于白人年轻人，黑人吸食大麻更频繁，并且更有可能吸食大麻 经历大麻使用障碍。造成这些不平等的原因，包括压力造成的作用 人们对系统性种族主义知之甚少，急需实证研究。拟议的社区- 参与 R01 检查压力源、反应性（生理和情绪）、 和大麻认知（渴望、动机），以确定导致大麻不平等的过程 使用黑人年轻人的结果。目标：目标 1 将研究黑人和白人年轻人之间的差异 成年人对大麻的认知和与急性压力源有关的大麻问题。目标 2 将测试反应性 人与人之间和人内部的特征，加强了大麻经历压力源的影响 认知和大麻结果。目标 3 将审查大麻使用、大麻之间的交易 通过 12 个月的随访，观察 BL 的认知和反应。假设：我们假设布莱克 相对于白人年轻人，他们会报告更高的大麻渴望、应对动机和大麻问题。 这些差异部分是由严重的压力因素造成的，包括歧视事件。此外，作为 由于系统性种族主义的作用，黑人相对于白人年轻人对急性 压力源，这将加强急性压力暴露与大麻认知之间的联系。黑色的 超过白人年轻人在 6 个月和 12 个月内会增加大麻使用和问题 后续行动和这种增长将由更高的大麻认知基线推动。大麻使用量增加 从基线到 6 个月随访的结果将与 12 个月随访时反应性的增加相关。反过来， 反应性的增加将与急性压力暴露和大麻之间的联系加强有关 12个月生态瞬时评估（EMA）期间的认知。方法：使用的年轻人 大麻（每周+频率；N=350；18-25 岁；60% 自我认同为黑人，50% 被指定为女性 出生；将招募过去 30 天大麻使用频率的跨种族匹配。）参与者将完成一个 访谈/问卷调查和标准化压力任务来评估反应性（主观、生理：HF- HRV）和渴望。接下来，参与者将完成为期 17 天的 EMA 协议来记录压力和歧视 事件、反应性（主观和生理）、大麻认知和大麻使用/问题。平行实验室 EMA 协议将在 12 个月的后续行动中完成，并对大麻使用和问题进行简短调查 6个月大时。该提案直接符合 NIDA 通过以下方式提高健康公平性的战略重点： 社区参与的研究和 NIDA 致力于解决现实世界的复杂性，这些都有助于 物质使用问题。这项研究朝着确定近端干预点迈出了关键一步 减少并最终消除大麻使用结果中日益严重的健康不平等。