A Multimethod Examination of Individual and Environment Contributors to Racial Inequities in Cannabis Use

对大麻使用中种族不平等的个人和环境因素的多方法检验

• 批准号: 10732346
• 负责人: Sarah L Pedersen
• 金额: $ 70.07万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-07-01 至 2028-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10732346
• 关键词: Acute; Address; Adult; African American; Age Years; Black American; Black Populations; Black race; Cannabis; Characteristics; Chronic; Chronic stress; Cognition; Communities; Coupling; Data; Development; Discrimination; Ecological momentary assessment; Education; Emotional; Emotions; Enrollment; Ensure; Environment; Event; Frequencies; Funding; Income; Individual; Inequity; Institutional Racism; Intervention; Interview; Laboratories; Literature; Measures; Methods; Modeling; National Institute of Drug Abuse; Outcome; Participant; Persons; Physiological; Pilot Projects; Play; Policies; Population; Process; Protocols documentation; Public Health; Questionnaires; Race; Reporting; Research; Role; Sampling; Standardization; Stress; Surveys; Testing; Time; Transact; acute stress; aged; assigned female at birth; cannabis craving; caucasian American; community engaged research; coping; craving; emotion regulation; experience; follow-up; health equity; health inequalities; heart rate variability; marijuana use; marijuana use disorder; racial difference; racial disparity; racial population; racism; recruit; sex; socioeconomic disadvantage; statistics; stressor; substance use; young adult

Project Summary Significance: Black relative to White young adults engage in heavier cannabis use and are more likely to experience cannabis use disorder. The reasons for these inequities, including the role of stress caused by systemic racism, are poorly understood and in critical need of empirical study. The proposed community- engaged R01 examines the dynamic transactions between stressors, reactivity (physiological and emotional), and cannabis cognitions (craving, motives) to identify the processes that contribute to inequities in cannabis use outcomes for Black young adults. Aims: Aim 1 will examine differences between Black and White young adults in cannabis cognitions and cannabis problems in relation to acute stressors. Aim 2 will test reactivity as a between- and within- person characteristic that tightens the effect of experiencing a stressor on cannabis cognitions and cannabis outcomes. Aim 3 will examine the transaction among cannabis use, cannabis cognitions, and reactivity from BL through 12-month follow-up. Hypotheses: We hypothesize that Black relative to White young adults will report higher cannabis craving, coping motives, and cannabis problems. These differences will be partially driven by acute stressors, including discrimination events. Additionally, as a function of systemic racism, Black relative to White young adults will have heightened reactivity to acute stressors, which will tighten the association between acute stress exposure and cannabis cognitions. Black more than White young adults will increase their cannabis use and problems through the 6- and 12-month follow-ups and this increase will be driven by higher baseline cannabis cognitions. Increases in cannabis use from baseline to 6-month follow-up will be associated with increased reactivity at 12-month follow-up. In turn, increased reactivity will relate to tightened associations between acute stress exposure and cannabis cognitions during the 12-month ecological momentary assessment (EMA). Approach: Young adults who use cannabis (weekly+ freq.; N=350; 18-25 years of age; 60% self-identifying as Black, 50% assigned female at birth; matched across race on past 30-day cannabis use freq.) will be recruited. Participants will complete an interview/questionnaires and a standardized stress task to assess reactivity (subjective, physiological: HF- HRV) and craving. Next, participants will complete a 17-day EMA protocol to record stress and discrimination events, reactivity (subjective and physiological), cannabis cognitions, and cannabis use/problems. Parallel lab and EMA protocols will be completed at a 12-month follow-up with a brief survey of cannabis use and problems at 6 months. This proposal is directly in line with NIDA’s strategic priorities on increasing health equity through community-engaged research and NIDA’s focus on addressing real-world complexities that contribute to substance use problems. This research takes a critical step towards identifying proximal points of intervention to reduce and ultimately eliminate the growing health inequities in cannabis use outcomes.

项目摘要 重要性：黑人相对于白色年轻人使用大麻的程度更高， 经历大麻使用障碍造成这些不平等的原因，包括压力的作用， 系统性种族主义，人们对此知之甚少，迫切需要进行实证研究。拟议的社区- 参与R 01检查压力源，反应性（生理和情感）， 和大麻认知（渴望，动机），以确定导致大麻不平等的过程 使用结果为黑人年轻人。目标：目标1将研究黑人和白色年轻人之间的差异 成年人对大麻的认知和与急性压力源相关的大麻问题。目标2将测试反应性， 一种人与人之间和人与人之间的特征， 认知和大麻的结果。目标3将审查大麻使用、大麻 从BL到12个月随访的认知和反应性。假设：我们假设黑 相对于白色年轻成年人将报告更高的大麻渴望，应对动机和大麻问题。 这些差异将部分由急性压力源，包括歧视事件驱动。此外，作为 由于系统性种族主义的作用，黑人相对于白色年轻人对急性 压力源，这将加强急性压力暴露和大麻认知之间的联系。黑色 超过白色年轻人将增加他们的大麻使用和问题，通过6个月和12个月， 这一增长将由更高的基线大麻认知驱动。大麻使用增加 从基线到6个月随访的变化将与12个月随访时的反应性增加相关。反过来， 增加的反应性将与急性应激暴露和大麻之间的紧密联系有关 在为期12个月的生态瞬时评估（EMA）期间，方法：使用的年轻人 大麻（每周+频率; N=350; 18-25岁; 60%自我认同为黑人，50%为女性， 出生;在过去30天的大麻使用频率上进行种族匹配。将被招募。参与者将完成一个 访谈/问卷调查和标准化压力任务，以评估反应性（主观，生理：HF- HRV）和渴望。接下来，参与者将完成为期17天的EMA协议，记录压力和歧视 事件、反应性（主观和生理）、大麻认知和大麻使用/问题。平行实验室 和EMA协议将在12个月的随访中完成，并对大麻使用和问题进行简要调查 六个月大的时候。该提案直接符合NIDA关于通过以下措施提高卫生公平性的战略优先事项： 社区参与的研究和NIDA的重点是解决现实世界的复杂性，有助于 物质使用问题。这项研究朝着确定近端干预点迈出了关键一步 减少并最终消除大麻使用结果中日益严重的健康不公平现象。