Investigating mechanisms of specificity in a bioluminescent vertebrate-bacteria symbiosis

研究生物发光脊椎动物-细菌共生的特异性机制

• 批准号: 10018527
• 负责人: Alison Gould
• 金额: $ 31.33万
• 依托单位: CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-17 至 2023-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10018527
• 关键词: Academy; Adaptive Immune System; Address; Animals; Aquaculture; Award; Awareness; Bacteria; Biodiversity; Biological Models; Biology; California; Cellular biology; Collection; Communities; Complex; Discipline; Disease; Ecology; Educational workshop; Environment; Evolution; Exposure to; Family; Fishes; Foundations; Funding; Gene Expression; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Variation; Genomics; Geographic Distribution; Goals; Health; Human; Infection; Institutes; Institution; Laboratories; Lead; Light; Maintenance; Marine Biology; Mentors; Methods; Microbe; Microbiology; Modeling; Molecular; Molecular Biology; Museums; Natural History; Natural Sciences; Organ; Pathway interactions; Photobacterium; Positioning Attribute; Postdoctoral Fellow; Process; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Role; Science; Specificity; Specimen; Symbiosis; System; Testing; Time; Universities; Vibrio; Vibrionaceae; Visit; Work; aquarium; bacterial community; career; computer cluster; coral; experience; experimental study; exposed human population; gut bacteria; gut colonization; gut microbiome; gut microbiota; high end computer; insight; interest; laboratory facility; lectures; microbiome; microorganism; microscopic imaging; novel; pathogen; population genetic structure; programs; symbiont; tool; undergraduate student

Project Summary Investigating mechanisms of specificity in a vertebrate-bacteria symbiosis Despite an increased awareness of the importance of the microbiome to human health and disease, relatively little is known about the molecular mechanisms employed by symbiotic bacteria to stably colonize the gut, as they are difficult to disentangle and experimentally study in isolation. There are several established model systems used to explore specific pathways and processes underpinning symbiotic associations, however, none represent a naturally evolved, binary symbiosis between a vertebrate host and a single bacterial species. A major, long-term objective of this study is to establish the bioluminescent symbiosis between a coral reef fish (Siphamia tubifer) and a luminous bacterium in the Vibrio family, (Photobacterium mandapamensis) as a model association to define the mechanisms involved in regulating specificity and colonization in a gut-associated symbiosis. The results of this project will provide new insights on the evolution of stable interactions between vertebrate hosts and beneficial bacteria and can be compared across model hosts to further define the universal principals underlying animal-microbe associations. The overall objective of this project is to investigate how the specificity of vertebrate-bacteria associations is maintained from a broad evolutionary scale down to the molecular level by addressing the following research aims: 1) Define the degree of specificity of the Siphamia–Photobacterium symbiosis, 2) Characterize the infection dynamics and symbiont competition within a host light organ, and 3) Identify key mechanisms involved in the establishment and persistence of the symbiosis. To do so, the specificity of the symbiosis will first be broadly defined across all 23 species in the host fish genus, then across the broad geographic distribution of a single host species, S tubifer. The specificity of the S. tubifer-P. mandapamensis association will then be tested in culture to determine whether it is regulated by local environmental and ecological factors or conserved at a more molecular level. Next, the intra-species symbiont diversity will be experimentally tested to better understand strain competition and infection dynamics within a host. Finally, the genetic mechanisms involved in regulating the symbiosis will be determined by comparing both host and symbiont gene expression throughout the infection process. Overall this study will reveal the processes that regulate the establishment and maintenance of specific associations between vertebrate hosts and beneficial bacteria across multiple timescales, and in doing so, will provide the greater research community with a novel binary vertebrate-bacteria model system with which to deepen our understanding of these vital interactions.

项目摘要 脊椎动物-细菌共生中专一性机制的研究 尽管人们对微生物组对人类健康和疾病的重要性的认识有所增加，但相对 关于共生细菌稳定定植肠道的分子机制，人们知之甚少，例如 它们很难分开，也很难孤立地进行实验研究。有几种已建立的模式 然而，用于探索支撑共生关系的特定路径和过程的系统， 它们都不代表脊椎动物宿主和单一细菌之间的自然进化的二元共生关系 物种。这项研究的一个主要的长期目标是建立生物发光共生 在珊瑚鱼(管状西帕米亚)和弧菌家族中的发光细菌之间， (发光菌)作为一个模范协会来定义参与的机制 调节肠道相关共生中的特异性和定植。这个项目的结果将是 为脊椎动物宿主和有益细菌之间稳定相互作用的进化提供新的见解 可以在不同的模型宿主之间进行比较，以进一步定义动物-微生物背后的普遍原理 联想。 这个项目的总体目标是调查脊椎动物-细菌联系的特异性是如何 通过处理以下研究，从广泛的进化规模到分子水平保持 目的：1)确定西帕米亚-发光菌共生的特异度；2)表征 寄主光器官内的感染动态和共生菌竞争；3)识别关键 参与共生建立和持续的机制。要做到这一点， 共生将首先被广泛地定义为寄主鱼类属的所有23个物种，然后是广泛的 地理分布单一寄主种S管虫。管状沙门氏菌的特异性。曼达帕姆 协会随后将在培养中进行测试，以确定它是否受到当地环境和 生态因素或在更多的分子水平上保守。接下来，物种内共生生物的多样性将是 经过实验测试，以更好地了解宿主内的菌株竞争和感染动态。最后， 调节共生的遗传机制将通过比较寄主和 共生体基因的表达贯穿于感染过程。总体而言，这项研究将揭示 调节脊椎动物寄主和受益者之间特定关联的建立和维持 细菌，在这样做的过程中，将为更大的研究社区提供一种新颖的 二元脊椎动物-细菌模型系统用来加深我们对这些重要相互作用的理解。