Investigating mechanisms of specificity in a bioluminescent vertebrate-bacteria symbiosis

研究生物发光脊椎动物-细菌共生的特异性机制

• 批准号: 10247636
• 负责人: Alison Gould
• 金额: $ 31.33万
• 依托单位: CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-17 至 2023-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10247636
• 关键词: Academy; Adaptive Immune System; Address; Animals; Aquaculture; Award; Awareness; Bacteria; Biodiversity; Biological Models; Biology; California; Cellular biology; Collection; Communities; Complex; Discipline; Disease; Ecology; Educational workshop; Environment; Evolution; Exposure to; Family; Fishes; Foundations; Funding; Gene Expression; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Variation; Genomics; Geographic Distribution; Goals; Health; Human; Infection; Institutes; Institution; Laboratories; Lead; Light; Maintenance; Marine Biology; Mentors; Methods; Microbe; Microbiology; Modeling; Molecular; Molecular Biology; Museums; Natural History; Natural Sciences; Organ; Pathway interactions; Photobacterium; Positioning Attribute; Postdoctoral Fellow; Process; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Role; Science; Specificity; Specimen; Symbiosis; System; Testing; Time; Universities; Vibrio; Vibrionaceae; Visit; Work; aquarium; bacterial community; career; computer cluster; coral; experience; experimental study; exposed human population; gut bacteria; gut colonization; gut microbiome; gut microbiota; high end computer; insight; interest; laboratory facility; lectures; microbiome; microorganism; microscopic imaging; novel; pathogen; population genetic structure; programs; symbiont; tool; undergraduate student

Project Summary Investigating mechanisms of specificity in a vertebrate-bacteria symbiosis Despite an increased awareness of the importance of the microbiome to human health and disease, relatively little is known about the molecular mechanisms employed by symbiotic bacteria to stably colonize the gut, as they are difficult to disentangle and experimentally study in isolation. There are several established model systems used to explore specific pathways and processes underpinning symbiotic associations, however, none represent a naturally evolved, binary symbiosis between a vertebrate host and a single bacterial species. A major, long-term objective of this study is to establish the bioluminescent symbiosis between a coral reef fish (Siphamia tubifer) and a luminous bacterium in the Vibrio family, (Photobacterium mandapamensis) as a model association to define the mechanisms involved in regulating specificity and colonization in a gut-associated symbiosis. The results of this project will provide new insights on the evolution of stable interactions between vertebrate hosts and beneficial bacteria and can be compared across model hosts to further define the universal principals underlying animal-microbe associations. The overall objective of this project is to investigate how the specificity of vertebrate-bacteria associations is maintained from a broad evolutionary scale down to the molecular level by addressing the following research aims: 1) Define the degree of specificity of the Siphamia–Photobacterium symbiosis, 2) Characterize the infection dynamics and symbiont competition within a host light organ, and 3) Identify key mechanisms involved in the establishment and persistence of the symbiosis. To do so, the specificity of the symbiosis will first be broadly defined across all 23 species in the host fish genus, then across the broad geographic distribution of a single host species, S tubifer. The specificity of the S. tubifer-P. mandapamensis association will then be tested in culture to determine whether it is regulated by local environmental and ecological factors or conserved at a more molecular level. Next, the intra-species symbiont diversity will be experimentally tested to better understand strain competition and infection dynamics within a host. Finally, the genetic mechanisms involved in regulating the symbiosis will be determined by comparing both host and symbiont gene expression throughout the infection process. Overall this study will reveal the processes that regulate the establishment and maintenance of specific associations between vertebrate hosts and beneficial bacteria across multiple timescales, and in doing so, will provide the greater research community with a novel binary vertebrate-bacteria model system with which to deepen our understanding of these vital interactions.

项目概要 研究脊椎动物-细菌共生的特异性机制 尽管人们越来越认识到微生物组对人类健康和疾病的重要性，但相对而言 人们对共生细菌稳定定植肠道的分子机制知之甚少， 它们很难分开并进行实验研究。有几种既定模型 然而，用于探索支撑共生关联的特定途径和过程的系统， 没有一个代表脊椎动物宿主和单个细菌之间自然进化的二元共生关系 物种。这项研究的一个主要长期目标是建立生物发光共生关系 珊瑚礁鱼（Siphamia tubeifer）和弧菌家族的发光细菌之间， （曼达帕光杆菌）作为模型协会来定义参与的机制 调节肠道相关共生中的特异性和定植。该项目的成果将 为脊椎动物宿主和有益细菌之间稳定相互作用的进化提供新的见解 并且可以在模型宿主之间进行比较，以进一步定义动物微生物的普遍原理 协会。 该项目的总体目标是研究脊椎动物-细菌关联的特异性如何 通过解决以下研究，从广泛的进化尺度维持到分子水平 目标：1) 定义 Siphamia-Photobacteria 共生的特异性程度，2) 表征 宿主光器官内的感染动态和共生竞争，以及 3) 确定关键 参与共生关系建立和持续的机制。为此，需要特殊性 共生关系将首先在宿主鱼属的所有 23 个物种中进行广泛定义，然后在更广泛的范围内进行定义。 单一寄主物种S tubeifer 的地理分布。 S. tubeifer-P 的特异性。曼达帕门西斯 然后，协会将在文化中进行测试，以确定其是否受到当地环境和法规的监管。 生态因素或在分子水平上保守。接下来，种内共生体多样性将是 经过实验测试，以更好地了解宿主内的菌株竞争和感染动态。最后， 调节共生的遗传机制将通过比较宿主和宿主来确定。 共生体基因表达贯穿整个感染过程。总的来说，这项研究将揭示以下过程： 调节脊椎动物宿主和有益动物之间特定关联的建立和维持 跨越多个时间尺度的细菌，这样做将为更大的研究界提供一种新颖的 二元脊椎动物-细菌模型系统可以加深我们对这些重要相互作用的理解。