Targeted Lead (Pb) Removal for Drinking Water Purification Using INCION®

使用 INCION® 有针对性地去除饮用水净化中的铅 (Pb)

• 批准号: 10018717
• 负责人: Lindsay Boehme
• 金额: $ 45.12万
• 依托单位: POWERTECH WATER, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-15 至 2022-05-16
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10018717
• 关键词: Adsorption; American; Awareness; Brain; Certification; Chemicals; Chemistry; Child; Coagulation Process; Communities; Complex; Consumption; Copper; Corrosion; Country; Development; Devices; Disinfectants; Disinfection; Elements; Engineering; Excision; Filtration; Generations; Goals; Guidelines; Hardness; Health; Hybrids; Immobilization; Ions; Knowledge; Lead; Lead Poisoning; Lead levels; Light; Maintenance; Michigan; Monitor; Outcome; Performance; Phase; Prevention Measures; Process; Radar; Sampling; Science; Series; Source; Specificity; System; Technology; Testing; Time; United States Environmental Protection Agency; Water; Water Purification; alkalinity; authority; base; contaminated water; cost; design; drinking water; experimental study; high risk drinking; lead concentration; lead contamination; lead exposure; lead oxide; meetings; operation; oxidation; residence; water environment; water quality

PROJECT SUMMARY Lead contamination in drinking water is a pervasive health problem across the US. Children are especially vulnerable to lead poisoning, which can have permanent detrimental effects on brain development. Despite corrosion prevention measures taken by public water authorities, lead concentrations in drinking water are routinely elevated nationwide. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) established The Lead and Copper Rule in 1991 to limit exposure of these elements and set the action level to 15 ppb; however, there is no safe level of lead consumption. The crisis observed in Flint, Michigan in 2014 put lead exposure into the public spotlight increasing consumer awareness. Lead filters currently on the market lack specificity with limited device lifetime dictated by the total amount of water volume filtered, regardless of lead concentration. PowerTech Water's (PTW) INCION® M-Series technology platform is a multifunctional chemical/electrochemical approach with ≥ 90% specificity for lead removal termed “capacitive coagulation”; a hybrid of adsorption (capacitive) and immobilization (coagulation) mechanisms that permanently remove all forms of dissolved lead, both complexed and free ions. In this Phase II project, PTW's goal is to understand how to develop and validate a 2nd generation INCION® M-series POU/POE system for dissolved lead removal from drinking water that exceeds the performance of current off-the-shelf solutions. The device will be reliable and specific for lead, have a multi-year system lifetime, and will not be consumed by abundant water constituents. These performance targets will be achieved through the following Specific Aims: 1. Factorial design of experiments testing to meet certification. Expected outcome: INCION® M- Series performance to meet NSF certification standards NSF/ANSI 53 and 61. 2. Investigate electrochemical coagulation mechanisms to tune operating parameters for specific water chemistries. Expected outcomes: Determine the operating parameters that will best exploit capacitive coagulation for lead removal in different water sources and develop an operating matrix. 3. Parametric testing of system operations towards the design of a POU/POE device. Expected outcome: A set of design specifications to develop the INCION® device into a commercial product.

项目概要 饮用水中的铅污染是美国普遍存在的健康问题。孩子们是 特别容易受到铅中毒的影响，这会对大脑产生永久性的有害影响 发展。尽管公共水务部门采取了防腐蚀措施，但铅 全国范围内饮用水中的浓度普遍升高。环境 保护局 (EPA) 于 1991 年制定了铅和铜规则，以限制铅和铜的暴露 这些元素并将行动水平设置为 15 ppb；然而，铅的含量没有安全水平 消耗。 2014 年密歇根州弗林特发生的危机让公众了解了铅的暴露情况 聚焦提高消费者意识。 目前市场上的铅过滤器缺乏特异性，设备寿命有限 过滤后的总水量，与铅浓度无关。动力科技水务公司 (PTW) INCION® M 系列技术平台是一种多功能化学/电化学 去除铅特异性≥ 90% 的方法称为“电容凝固”；的混合体 吸附（电容）和固定（凝固）机制可永久去除 所有形式的溶解铅，包括络合离子和游离离子。 在这个第二阶段项目中，PTW 的目标是了解如何开发和验证第二个 新一代 INCION® M 系列 POU/POE 系统，用于去除饮用水中的溶解铅 这超出了当前现成解决方案的性能。该设备将是可靠的 专门针对铅，具有多年的系统使用寿命，并且不会被大量的水消耗 选民。这些绩效目标将通过以下具体目标来实现： 1. 实验测试的析因设计以满足认证要求。预期结果：INCION® M- 系列性能满足NSF认证标准NSF/ANSI 53和61。 2. 研究电化学混凝机制以调整操作参数 特定的水化学。预期结果：确定操作参数 将最好地利用电容混凝去除不同水源中的铅， 制定运营矩阵。 3. 针对 POU/POE 设备设计的系统操作参数测试。 预期成果：一套设计规范，将 INCION® 设备开发成 商业产品。