THE ROLE OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGIC SIGNALING IN HIGHER COGNITIVE PROCESSES

神经生理信号在高级认知过程中的作用

• 批准号: 7718184
• 负责人: Joan C Borod
• 金额: $ 0.8万
• 依托单位: ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-03-01 至 2009-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7718184
• 关键词: Autonomic Nervous System Part; Autonomic nervous system; Behavioral; Cognitive; Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects Database; Data; Decision Making; Emotional; Feedback; Funding; Grant; Institution; Performance; Persons; Physiological; Process; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Role; Signal Transduction; Source; Testing; United States National Institutes of Health; Work; base; emotional reaction; neurobiological mechanism; novel strategies; relating to nervous system; somatosensory

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. The aim of the present research is to elucidate the neurobiological mechanisms of decision-making. Recent neuroimaging1 and neuropsychological2 data, combined with earlier work in behavioral finance3, demonstrate that the interaction of emotional reactions and cognitive processes is often necessary for adaptive and efficient decisions to be made. Yet, the neural processes enabling this interaction are not understood. According to the Somatic Marker Hypothesis (SMH)4, somatosensory feedback from the body is necessary for the interplay of emotional and cognitive processes in a decision-making situation. Largely due to methodological issues, the results of previous studies testing this claim are inconclusive. This motivated the present research which aims to examine the role of somatosensory feedback in decision-making using a novel approach. Our approach will consist of (a) examining relationships between performance on a decision-making task and a person's sensitivity to feedback signals emanating from the two parts of the nervous system (autonomic and non-autonomic), and (b) investigating the relationship between physiological activity in the autonomic and non-autonomic nervous system (ANS and nANS, respectively) and the adaptive value of subsequent decisions. Hypothesis: Based on the SMH and previous findings (see the Background & Significance section), we hypothesize that performance on the decision-making task will be at least moderately correlated (i.e., the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient [r] will be equal or greater than 0.40) with sensitivity to ANS feedback signals and with sensitivity to nANS feedback signals. Based on the same rationale, we also predict that the amount of both ANS and nANS physiological activity will vary with the adaptive value of the decision subsequently made.

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中的一个 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源。子项目和 研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金， 因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为 研究中心，而研究中心不一定是研究者所在的机构。 本研究的目的是阐明决策的神经生物学机制。 最近的神经影像学和神经心理学的数据，结合行为金融学的早期工作，表明情绪反应和认知过程的相互作用通常是做出适应性和有效决策所必需的。 然而，使这种相互作用的神经过程还不清楚。 根据躯体标记假说（SMH）4，来自身体的躯体感觉反馈对于决策情境中情感和认知过程的相互作用是必要的。 主要是由于方法问题，以前的研究测试这一说法的结果是不确定的。 这促使本研究的目的是研究的作用，体感反馈在决策中使用一种新的方法。 我们的方法将包括：（a）检查决策任务的表现与一个人对神经系统两个部分（自主和非自主）发出的反馈信号的敏感度之间的关系，以及（B）调查自主和非自主神经系统（分别为ANS和nANS）中的生理活动与后续决策的适应值之间的关系。 假设：基于SMH和以前的研究结果（见背景和意义部分），我们假设决策任务的表现至少是适度相关的（即，Pearson积矩相关系数[r]将等于或大于0.40），对ANS反馈信号敏感，对nANS反馈信号敏感。 基于相同的原理，我们还预测ANS和nANS生理活动的量将随着随后做出的决定的适应值而变化。