Epidemiology of Obesity, Diabetes, and Hypertension in African Caribbeans

非洲加勒比地区肥胖、糖尿病和高血压的流行病学

• 批准号: 10245074
• 负责人: IVA MILJKOVIC
• 金额: $ 62.76万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-08-01 至 2023-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10245074
• 关键词: Address; Adipose tissue; Affect; African; African American; African Caribbean; Age; Aging; Alcohol consumption; American; Archives; Behavioral; Blood Pressure; Blood Vessels; Body Composition; Body fat; Body mass index; Body measure procedure; Cardiometabolic Disease; Cardiovascular Diseases; Caribbean region; Caucasians; Collection; Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study; Cost of Illness; DNA; Data; Diabetes Mellitus; Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry; Epidemic; Epidemiology; Ethnic Origin; Family; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Fishes; Foundations; Funding; Future; Growth; Health; High Prevalence; Hypertension; Image; Infrastructure; Intake; Knowledge; Life Style; Longitudinal Studies; Low Prevalence; Measures; Medical; Menarche; Menopause; Metabolism; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Nutritional; Obesity; Organ; Overweight; Phenotype; Population; Population Research; Prevalence; Procedures; Process; Protocols documentation; RNA; Race; Reading; Recording of previous events; Reporting; Research; Resources; Risk; Risk Factors; Sampling; Skeletal Muscle; Sleep; Smoking; Specimen; Thinness; Time; Tobago; Ultrasonography; Visceral; Weight; West Indies; Woman; base; biobank; cardiometabolism; cardiovascular health; circulating biomarkers; cohort; cost; cost effective; epidemiology study; ethnic disparity; experience; fruits and vegetables; high risk; insight; lifestyle factors; men; microbial; novel; parity; population based; protective factors; racial and ethnic disparities; recruit; reproductive; sedentary lifestyle; sex

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Obesity is a very strong risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D) and hypertension, which disproportionately affect African ancestry populations. The Caribbean region in particular is experiencing an enormous epidemic of cardio-metabolic disease, with obesity, T2D, and hypertension being considerably higher in African Caribbeans compared to Caribbeans of other race/ethnicities. Despite the current and projected growth in obesity, T2D and hypertension among African Caribbeans, the mechanisms underlying racial/ethnic disparities in these devastating and costly conditions remain largely unknown. T2D and hypertension are driven in part by obesity and body fat distribution, especially fat around and within non-adipose tissue organs (known as ectopic adiposity). Our recent discovery that ectopic skeletal muscle adiposity contributes to incident T2D and hypertension in African Caribbean men supports the hypothesis that ectopic adiposity may be a key risk factor contributing to increased risk of T2D and hypertension in African Caribbean populations. However, in contrast to African Caribbean men, very little is known about the importance of body fat distribution and ectopic adiposity for T2D, hypertension, and resultant cardiovascular disease in African Caribbean women. Our preliminary data underscores the need to extend research to include African Caribbean women to unravel the sex-specific and obesity-related mechanisms for T2D, hypertension and cardiovascular disease (CVD) and to discover novel factors related to these major conditions in African ancestry populations. Over the past 20 years we have been studying a unique population-based cohort of African Caribbean men from Tobago. We now propose to expand our research on obesity, T2D, hypertension, and CVD among African Caribbean men to include African Caribbean women in Tobago. We will collect data on lifestyle and medical factors, anthropometrics, DXA and CT body composition measures, carotid ultrasound measures of subclinical cardiovascular disease, and create a specimen biobank for future proposals using our existing infrastructure and well-established procedures. In these newly recruited women, we propose to: 1) determine the overall, and age- and BMI- specific prevalence of T2D and hypertension in African Caribbean women in Tobago, and compare the prevalence with our existing data in men; 2) identify traditional and novel lifestyle, cultural, behavioral, reproductive, nutritional, and medical-related risk factors for T2D and hypertension among African Caribbean women, and 3) evaluate the association of body fat distribution and ectopic adiposity in African Caribbean women with prevalent T2D and hypertension, and compare these associations with those previously observed in African Caribbean men. In addition to accomplishing these aims, the collection and archiving of vital specimens and measures (e.g., fecal samples for microbial distribution; DNA and RNA extraction for omics based approaches), and reading of archived vascular images for subclinical CVD will create the foundation for subsequent, focused funding proposals. Finally, combined with our existing data in men, our study will provide a rich resource for the long-term study of cardio-metabolic health among African Caribbeans and enable future comparisons to similarly phenotyped cohorts of African Americans.

项目摘要/摘要 肥胖是2型糖尿病(T2D)和高血压的一个非常强烈的危险因素，这两个因素对 非洲血统的人口。尤其是加勒比地区正在经历一场大规模的 心脏代谢性疾病，肥胖、T2D和高血压在非洲加勒比海人中相当高 与其他种族/民族的加勒比人相比。尽管目前和预计肥胖症的增长，T2D和 非洲加勒比人中的高血压，导致这些地区种族/民族差异的机制 毁灭性和代价高昂的情况在很大程度上仍是未知的。T2D和高血压的部分原因是肥胖 和身体脂肪分布，特别是非脂肪组织器官周围和内部的脂肪(称为异位 肥胖症)。我们最近的发现是异位骨骼肌肥胖症导致了T2D和 非洲加勒比男性高血压支持异位肥胖症可能是关键危险因素的假说 导致非洲加勒比人群中T2D和高血压的风险增加。然而，相比之下， 对于非洲加勒比男性来说，对身体脂肪分布和异位的重要性知之甚少 非洲加勒比海地区妇女的T2D肥胖、高血压和由此导致的心血管疾病。我们的 初步数据强调，有必要扩大研究范围，将非洲加勒比妇女包括在内，以揭示 T2D、高血压和心血管疾病(CVD)的性别特异性和肥胖相关机制 在非洲血统人口中发现与这些主要疾病相关的新因素。在过去20年里 我们一直在研究一个独特的以人口为基础的来自多巴哥的非洲加勒比男子队列。我们现在 建议将我们对非洲加勒比男性肥胖、T2D、高血压和心血管疾病的研究扩大到 包括在多巴哥的非洲加勒比妇女。我们将收集有关生活方式和医疗因素的数据， 人体测量学、DXA和CT身体成分测量、颈动脉超声测量亚临床 心血管疾病，并利用我们现有的基础设施创建一个样本生物库，供未来的提案使用 和完善的程序。在这些新招聘的女性中，我们建议：1)确定总体，以及 在多巴哥的非洲加勒比妇女中，T2D和高血压的年龄和BMI特定流行率，以及 将男性的患病率与我们现有的数据进行比较；2)确定传统和新的生活方式、文化、 非洲人T2D和高血压的行为、生殖、营养和医学相关危险因素 以及3)评估非洲人体内脂肪分布与异位肥胖症的关系 患有T2D和高血压的加勒比妇女，并将这些关联与 以前在非洲加勒比海男性中观察到。除了实现这些目标外，收集和 重要标本和措施的存档(例如，微生物分布的粪便样本；DNA和RNA 提取用于基于组学的方法)，以及读取用于亚临床CVD的存档血管图像 为后续的重点融资提案奠定基础。最后，结合我们在 男性，我们的研究将为非洲人心脏代谢健康的长期研究提供丰富的资源 并使将来能够与表型相似的非裔美国人进行比较。