Diet, Weight Change, and Obesity in Pregnancy / Pregnancy Eating Attributes (PEAS)

怀孕期间的饮食、体重变化和肥胖/怀孕饮食属性 (PEAS)

• 批准号: 10266535
• 负责人: Tonja Nansel
• 金额: $ 97.2万
• 依托单位: EUNICE KENNEDY SHRIVER NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH & HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10266535
• 关键词: Behavior; Behavior Control; Behavioral; Body Weight Changes; Cohort Studies; Data; Data Collection; Diet; Dietary Fiber; Dietary Intervention; Dietary intake; Eating; Eating Behavior; Enrollment; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Focus Groups; Food; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; General Population; Genetic; Goals; Health; Home environment; Hyperphagia; Individual; Infant; Intake; Investigation; Maternal and Child Health; Measures; Medical Records; Mental Depression; Obesity; Outcome; Overweight; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Physical activity; Population; Postpartum Period; Pregnancy; Pregnant Women; Prevalence; Process; Prospective cohort study; Public Health; Rewards; Risk; Role; Sampling; Sleep; Sodium; Stress; Weight; Weight maintenance regimen; critical developmental period; falls; food environment; fruits and vegetables; gestational weight gain; hedonic; improved; infancy; neurobehavioral; population based; postpartum weight; psychosocial; relating to nervous system; response; success; sugar

The rising prevalence of maternal overweight/obesity and excessive gestational weight gain poses serious public health concerns due to the contribution of these factors to increased risk of adverse maternal and child health outcomes. The poor diet quality of the U.S. population, characterized by excessive intake of total energy, added sugar, fat and sodium, and inadequate intake of fruits, vegetables and whole grains also is well-documented. Dietary interventions in the general population and pregnant women alike have achieved only marginal success, indicating the need to identify more effective modifiable targets and strategies. An emerging hypothesis posits that energy homeostatic processes are overridden by "hedonic eating," in which food intake is motivated by the neural reward response to food in the absence of energetic requirements. The relative strength of this reward response varies between individuals and has been positively associated with body weight and weight change in small samples, supporting the need for further investigation in population-based samples. The Pregnancy Eating Attributes Study (PEAS) is an observational prospective cohort study investigating relationships of reward-related eating, behavioral control, and the home food environment with dietary intake and weight change during pregnancy, postpartum, and infancy. Participants were enrolled early in pregnancy (before 12 weeks gestation) and followed, with their infants, until 1 year postpartum. Data collection was completed in fall 2018, and primary analyses are currently underway. The study includes data on dietary intake, anthropometrics, biospecimens, medical records, self-reported eating and other health-related behaviors, functional magnetic resonance imaging, focus groups, and an experimental measure of overeating. The overarching goal is to identify neurobehavioral and environmental determinants of excessive gestational weight gain and postpartum weight retention, and inform best practices for supporting optimal diet quality and weight management during this critical developmental period, leading to improved maternal and child health trajectories.

孕产妇超重/肥胖和妊娠期体重过度增加的流行率不断上升，造成了严重的公共卫生问题，因为这些因素增加了孕产妇和儿童健康不良后果的风险。美国人口的饮食质量差，其特征是总能量、添加糖、脂肪和钠摄入过多，水果、蔬菜和全谷物摄入不足。在一般人群和孕妇中的饮食干预措施只取得了很小的成功，这表明需要确定更有效的可修改的目标和战略。一个新兴的假说假定能量稳态过程被“享乐饮食”所取代，在这种情况下，食物摄入是由对食物的神经奖励反应所激励的，而不需要能量。这种奖励反应的相对强度因个体而异，并且在小样本中与体重和体重变化呈正相关，支持需要在基于人群的样本中进行进一步调查。 妊娠期饮食属性研究（PEAS）是一项观察性前瞻性队列研究，旨在调查奖励相关饮食，行为控制和家庭食物环境与妊娠期，产后和婴儿期饮食摄入量和体重变化的关系。参与者在妊娠早期（妊娠12周前）入组，并对其婴儿进行随访，直至产后1年。数据收集于2018年秋季完成，目前正在进行初步分析。这项研究包括饮食摄入量，人体测量学，生物标本，医疗记录，自我报告的饮食和其他健康相关行为，功能性磁共振成像，焦点小组和暴饮暴食的实验测量数据。总体目标是确定过度妊娠体重增加和产后体重保持的神经行为和环境决定因素，并为在这一关键发育时期支持最佳饮食质量和体重管理提供最佳实践，从而改善孕产妇和儿童健康轨迹。