Cerebral Protein Synthesis During Sleep and Memory Consolidation

在2020财年融资期间，我们解决了以下问题： 在沃尔特里德陆军研究所(T Balkin)和NINDS(D.Picchioni)的同事的合作下，我们应用了L-1-C-11亮氨酸正电子发射断层扫描(PET)方法来测量人类睡眠期间的RCP。为了解决睡眠恢复假说，我们测量了同一受试者在睡眠满足的清醒、睡眠剥夺的清醒和睡眠中的RCP。我们假设RCP在睡眠期间会增加，但在睡眠不足的清醒状态下，RCP保持在与睡眠满足的清醒状态相当的水平。参与者在清醒、睡眠满足的状态下接受了最初的扫描。然后参与者在接下来的30小时内保持清醒，随后在睡眠不足但清醒的状态下接受第二次PET扫描。然后，参与者被鼓励在慢波睡眠期间进行第三次扫描时，在扫描仪中睡觉。受试者为年龄在18岁到28岁之间的健康男性和女性志愿者。我们排除了有神经和精神疾病、慢性疾病和睡眠障碍病史的参与者。我们已经分析了15名受试者所有扫描的RCP。三种扫描(睡眠充足的清醒、睡眠不足的清醒和睡眠)之间的平均RCP比较表明，它们之间没有差异。我们还考虑到，在睡眠扫描期间，受试者花了一些时间清醒，一些时间处于快速眼动睡眠，大部分时间处于非快速眼动睡眠，分为慢波和非慢波阶段。我们通过对剥夺睡眠的清醒和睡眠扫描中测量的RCPS值和在每个睡眠阶段花费的时间百分比进行线性拟合来估计慢波和非慢波阶段的RCP。我们的初步估计表明，在慢波睡眠期间，某些大脑区域的RCP增加。

During the FY 2020 funding period, we addressed the following: In collaboration with our colleagues from the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (T Balkin) and NINDS (D. Picchioni), we applied the L-1-C-11leucine positron emission tomography (PET) method to measure rCPS in humans during sleep. To address the restoration hypothesis of sleep, we measured rCPS in the same participant during sleep-sated wakefulness, sleep-deprived wakefulness, and sleep. We hypothesized that rCPS are increased during sleep, but that during sleep-deprived wakefulness, rCPS remain at levels comparable to sleep-sated wakefulness. Participants underwent the initial scan in the awake, sleep-sated state. Participants were then kept awake over the next 30 h and subsequently underwent a second PET scan in the sleep-deprived but awake state. Participants were then encouraged to sleep in the scanner while they underwent a third scan during slow wave sleep. Participants were healthy male and female volunteers between the ages of 18 and 28 y. We excluded participants with a history of neurological and psychiatric disorders, chronic medical conditions, and sleep disorders. We have analyzed rCPS for all scans from 15 subjects. Comparisons of mean rCPS among the three scans (sleep-sated awake, sleep-deprived awake, and sleep) indicate no differences among them. We have also considered that during the sleep scan, subjects spent some time awake, some time in REM sleep and most of the time in nonREM sleep divided between slow wave and non-slow wave stages. We estimated rCPS in slow wave and non-slow wave stages by a linear fit of measured rCPS values in the sleep-deprived awake and sleep scans and percent time spent in each sleep stage. Our preliminary estimates indicate increases in rCPS during slow wave sleep in some brain regions.