A new reference atlas of brain networks to investigate neuropsychiatric traits in adolescents

项目总结 青春期通常被定义为从童年到成年的过渡期。这是一个关键时期 对于神经的变化，包括大脑的认知网络的成熟，也是一段时间的增加 易受精神变态影响。众所周知，大脑在功能上被组织成多个 相互作用的网络和广泛的文献已经证明，空间和功能组织 这些网络显示了一生中与年龄相关的重大变化，尤其是在青春期。然而， 目前还没有来自典型发育青少年的参考功能脑图谱，这是 尤其是对功能大脑网络的可靠和可重复性的识别至关重要 取决于这种参考功能地图集的使用。此外，成人地图集的使用 可能会破坏发育神经影像研究的有效性和可靠性。使用初步数据进行 这项应用和以前的工作，我们表明，一个适合年龄的功能脑图谱将改善 青年脑功能连接体的特征及其与神经精神病学特征的联系。在这 本应用程序的目的是构建和验证第一个参考功能脑图谱 典型--8岁至17岁之间的青少年发育。为了实现这一点，我们将使用休眠状态 来自三个最大的发育神经成像数据集的功能磁共振成像(rs-fmri)。我们的首要目标(目标1)是 使用约2 000名青年的RS-fMRI数据集，编制一份参考地图集，称为“Dev-Atlas”。 然后，我们将(目标2)在两个独立的大样本中演示Dev-Atlas的可复制性-典型的- 发育期青少年(Dev-Cog：230例；Dev-Mind：310例)，收集于Boys town国立研究医院 和心理研究网络。因为平均而言，女孩比男孩提前一到两年进入青春期， 我们将测试(目标3)与男孩相比，女孩是否表现出大脑网络的差异。在发生重大事故时 性别差异，我们将为年轻人创建第一个针对性别的功能脑图集。最后，我们会 展示从开发图集派生的网络连接功能与图集相比的优势 根据成人的数据预测精神特征的更大变异量(目标4)。这个 该项目的成功完成将为8-17岁的青少年提供第一个可靠的功能脑图谱 这本书将向研究界免费提供。通过绘制大脑功能图 儿童和青春期背后的连接体，这项工作有可能阐明大脑网络是如何 功能障碍导致青春期的精神特征和精神健康障碍的风险。

PROJECT SUMMARY Adolescence is typically defined as the transition period between childhood and adulthood. It is a critical period for neural changes, including maturation of the brain’s cognitive networks, but also a period of increased vulnerability to psychopathology. It is well accepted that the brain is functionally organized into multiple interacting networks and extensive literature has demonstrated that the spatial and functional organization of these networks shows major age-related changes across the lifespan, but particularly during adolescence. Yet, there is currently no reference functional brain atlas derived from typically-developing adolescents, which is especially problematic as the reliable and reproducible identification of functional brain networks crucially depends on the use of such reference functional atlases. Furthermore, the use of atlases derived from adults may undermine the validity and reliability of developmental neuroimaging research. Using preliminary data for this application and previous works, we show that an age-appropriate functional brain atlas will improve the characterization of the brain functional connectome and its links to neuropsychiatric traits in youth. In this context, the aim of this application is to construct and validate the first reference functional brain atlas in typically-developing youth between the age of 8 and 17 years. To achieve this, we will use resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) from the three largest developmental neuroimaging datasets. Our first aim (Aim 1) is to generate a reference atlas, called “Dev-Atlas”, using the rs-fMRI datasets from approximately 2,000 youths. We will then (Aim 2) demonstrate the replicability of Dev-Atlas in two independent large samples of typically- developing youth (Dev-Cog: n=230; Dev-MIND: n=310), collected at Boys Town National Research Hospital and the Mind Research Network. Because girls, on average, enter puberty one to two years earlier than boys, we will test (Aim 3) whether girls show brain network differences compared to boys. In the event of significant sex differences, we will create the first sex-specific functional brain atlases for youth. Finally, we will demonstrate the superiority of network connectivity features derived from Dev-Atlas compared to atlases based on data from adults in predicting a greater amount of the variance in psychiatric traits (Aim 4). The successful completion of this project will provide the first reliable functional brain atlas for youth aged 8-17 years old, which will be made freely available to the research community. By mapping the brain functional connectome underlying childhood and adolescence, this work has the potential to elucidate how brain network dysfunction contributes to psychiatric traits and the risk for mental health disorders in adolescence.