Sleep as a Mechanism and Moderator in the Development of Health Disparities

睡眠作为健康差异发展的机制和调节因素

• 批准号: 10587380
• 负责人: Mona M El-Sheikh
• 金额: $ 74.25万
• 依托单位: AUBURN UNIVERSITY AT AUBURN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-01 至 2027-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10587380
• 关键词: Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Age; Alabama; American; Area; Attenuated; Autonomic nervous system; Behavioral; Black race; Childhood; Chronic; Cognitive; Computer software; Data; Data Set; Development; Developmental Process; Disparity; Distal; Economically Deprived Population; Education; Environment; Ethnic Origin; Family; Goals; Health; Impairment; Individual; Intervention; Investigation; Knowledge; Link; Literature; Long-Term Effects; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Mental Health; Methods; Minority Groups; Neighborhoods; Outcome; Outcome Assessment; Participant; Persons; Physiological; Prevalence; Prevention; Procedures; Public Health; Questionnaires; Race; Reproducibility; Research; Research Priority; Risk; Role; Rural; Sampling; Schedule; Science; Sleep; Sleep Deprivation; Sleep Disorders; Sleep disturbances; System; Testing; Time; United States National Institutes of Health; Vocation; Woman; Wrist; Youth; actigraphy; biological adaptation to stress; circadian biology; cognitive function; design; emerging adult; ethnic disparity; health disparity; indexing; longitudinal design; low socioeconomic status; novel; parent grant; perceived discrimination; physical conditioning; poor sleep; prevent; protective factors; psychologic; public health priorities; racial disparity; racial diversity; racial health disparity; racial population; retention rate; sleep quality; social; societal costs; socioeconomic adversity; socioeconomic disadvantage; socioeconomic disparity; socioeconomics; transmission process; young adult

PROJECT SUMMARY Sleep deprivation in American youth and young adults is a major public health problem and can impair mental and physical health, cognitive functioning and stress response systems. Significant gaps in this research include scarce investigations of long- term developmental trajectories of adaptation and maladaptation associated with sleep disturbances in the context of socioeconomic and racial/ethnic disparities. Identifying mechanisms that explain SES and racial disparities in sleep and broader health outcomes, as well as factors that prevent or protect against broader health disparities are high scientific priorities (Healthy People 2030). The proposed study addresses these gaps and advances parent grant discoveries. The design builds on a well-characterized two-wave study with adolescents (16-19 years; n=300) and involves two additional waves with young adults (~ 21-24 years; target n=300); analyses will also capitalize on existing data for a subsample (n=199) who participated during childhood (9,10,11 years). The sample consists of young adults from semi- rural Alabama; 54% women; high representation of Black participants (39%) and socioeconomic adversity. This sample is unique, underrepresented in the literature, and ideal for testing the research questions. Strengths of the design include the large and diverse sample, high retention rates, breadth and rigor of measurement across important outcome domains, a four-wave design spanning adolescence and young adulthood, a large subsample with three additional waves in childhood, and analyses of long-term trajectories of mental and physical health, cognitive functioning and autonomic nervous system activity. Towards scientific rigor and reproducibility, well-established procedures, questionnaires, hardware and software will be used. Sleep is examined objectively with actigraphy and subjectively. Comparable long-term investigations of health disparities utilizing objectively-assessed sleep and developmental trajectories of multiple health domains in such a sample do not exist. The study will advance understanding of the long-term effects of sleep across development in the context of socioeconomic and racial health disparities by identifying the role of sleep in transmitting risk or functioning as a vulnerability or protective factor. Study goals are consistent with the strategic goals and high-priority research areas of the 2021 NIH Sleep Research Plan including advancing understanding of sleep’s contributions to health disparities in socioeconomically disadvantaged and minoritized groups. Findings will help identify individuals at greatest risk for negative health outcomes and identify behavioral and ecological targets for prevention and intervention.

项目摘要 美国青年和年轻人的睡眠不足是一个主要的公共健康问题， 以及身体健康、认知功能和压力反应系统。这项研究的重大差距 包括对适应和适应不良的长期发展轨迹的研究很少 与社会经济和种族/民族差异背景下的睡眠障碍相关。识别 解释睡眠和更广泛的健康结果中的SES和种族差异的机制，以及因素 预防或防止更广泛的健康差距是高度科学优先事项（健康人2030）。 拟议的研究解决了这些差距和进步的父母补助金的发现。该设计基于 在青少年（16-19岁; n=300）中进行的特征良好的两波研究，涉及两个额外的波 年轻成人（约21-24岁;目标n=300）;分析还将利用子样本的现有数据 （n=199）在儿童期（9、10、11岁）参与。样本由来自半- 农村亚拉巴马; 54%的妇女;黑人参与者的高代表性（39%）和社会经济逆境。 这个样本是独一无二的，在文献中代表性不足，是测试研究问题的理想选择。 设计的优势包括大而多样的样本，高保留率，广度和严谨性， 跨重要结果领域的测量，跨越青少年和年轻人的四波设计 成年期，一个较大的子样本，在儿童期有三个额外的波，并分析长期轨迹 精神和身体健康，认知功能和自主神经系统活动。走向科学 将使用严谨和可重复性、完善的程序、调查表、硬件和软件。 睡眠是客观地检查与体动仪和主观。可比的长期健康调查 利用客观评估的睡眠和多个健康领域的发展轨迹的差异， 这样样本并不存在。这项研究将促进对睡眠长期影响的理解， 在社会经济和种族健康差异的背景下，通过确定睡眠在 传递风险或作为脆弱性或保护因素发挥作用。研究目标与 2021年NIH睡眠研究计划的战略目标和高优先级研究领域，包括推进 了解睡眠对社会经济弱势群体健康差异的贡献， 少数群体。研究结果将有助于确定最有可能出现负面健康结果的个人， 确定预防和干预的行为和生态目标。