Neural Mechanisms of Transcranial Current Stimulation

经颅电流刺激的神经机制

• 批准号: 10274328
• 负责人: Bart Krekelberg
• 金额: $ 171.63万
• 依托单位: RUTGERS THE STATE UNIV OF NJ NEWARK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-15 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10274328
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Anodes; BRAIN initiative; Biology; Brain; Cathodes; Cells; Clinic; Clinical; Clinical Trials; Cognition; Complement; Data; Development; Dose; Elderly; Electrodes; Elements; Epilepsy; Explosion; Frequencies; Future; Genetic; Health; Home; Human; Human Subject Research; Image; Imaging Techniques; Interneurons; Knowledge; Learning; Left; Location; Measures; Membrane Potentials; Mental Depression; Methods; Modeling; Motor Evoked Potentials; Mus; Nature; Neurophysiology - biologic function; Noise; Outcome; Perception; Population; Process; Protocols documentation; Pyramidal Cells; Recovery; Reproducibility; Request for Applications; Research Personnel; Resolution; Scalp structure; Short-Term Memory; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Variant; Visual Acuity; Visual Cortex; Work; awake; behavioral outcome; brain behavior; cell type; chronic pain; clinical application; cognitive enhancement; depressive symptoms; electric field; experimental study; healthy volunteer; hippocampal pyramidal neuron; improved; in vivo; innovation; insight; multi-electrode arrays; neural circuit; neural stimulation; neuromechanism; neuroregulation; novel; portability; post stroke; reduce symptoms; relating to nervous system; research study; response; success; temporal measurement; two-photon; voltage sensitive dye

Project Summary Transcranial current stimulation (TCS) creates small electrical fields in the brain through electrodes placed on the scalp. As a method for neuromodulation, TCS carries with it many practical benefits: it is portable (battery- operated), inexpensive, and easily deployable in the clinic and at home. Due to this simplicity and apparent versatility there has been an explosion in the number of studies currently underway using transcranial currents (over 500 clinical trials on clinicaltrials.gov). Despite this ubiquity and potential, even basic questions about the nature of neural changes induced by various forms of TCS have not been answered in-vivo. This lack of understanding of the underlying biology has led to skepticism about the method. Moreover, refinement of the technique as used in humans is limited to a relatively inefficient process that proceeds largely by trial and error. This project will use state-of-the-art imaging techniques in awake mice to gain insight how TCS affect changes in neural activity. The project will use the exquisite spatial resolution of two-photon imaging, together with genetic methods to target specific cell populations, to reveal how TCS affects neural activity in a cell-type, and layer specific manner. This high-spatial resolution technique will be complemented with high temporal resolution voltage sensitive dye imaging to assess the temporal aspects of these induced changes, including the entrainment of oscillations. Together these complementary approaches will provide insight how TCS affects neural activity at an unprecedented level of detail. This insight - for instance understanding whether all cell-types are affected equally, or the TCS dose needed to achieve meaningful entrainment of neural activity - is essential for the rational development of targeted TCS protocols.

项目摘要 经颅电流刺激（TCS）通过放置在大脑上的电极在大脑中产生小电场。 头皮作为一种神经调节方法，TCS具有许多实际好处：它是便携式的（电池- 操作），便宜，并且容易在诊所和家中部署。由于这种简单和明显的 多功能性目前使用经颅电流进行的研究数量激增 (over在clinicaltrials.gov上的500个临床试验）。 尽管这种普遍性和潜力，即使是关于各种神经系统引起的神经变化的本质的基本问题， TCS的形式尚未在体内得到回答。这种对潜在生物学的缺乏理解导致了 对方法的怀疑。此外，如在人类中使用的技术的改进仅限于相对低的水平。 主要靠试错法进行的低效过程。 该项目将使用最先进的成像技术在清醒的小鼠，以了解如何TCS影响的变化 神经活动。该项目将利用双光子成像的精湛空间分辨率，以及遗传学， 靶向特定细胞群的方法，以揭示TCS如何影响细胞类型和层中的神经活动 具体方式。这种高空间分辨率技术将与高时间分辨率技术相辅相成 电压敏感染料成像，以评估这些诱导变化的时间方面，包括 振荡的夹带。 这些互补的方法将共同提供TCS如何影响神经活动的见解， 前所未有的细节。这种洞察力-例如了解所有细胞类型是否受到同等影响， 或达到有意义的神经活动夹带所需的TCS剂量-对于合理的 制定有针对性的TCS方案。