SES-Related Disparities in Early Language Development and Child Risk for Developmental Language Disorder

早期语言发展中与 SES 相关的差异和儿童发展性语言障碍的风险

• 批准号: 10594633
• 负责人: Laura M. Justice
• 金额: $ 12.67万
• 依托单位: OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10594633
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Age; Architecture; Attention; Biosocial; Brain; Caregivers; Child; Child Language; Chronic; Chronic stress; Development; Developmental Disabilities; Dimensions; Economics; Educational Status; Exhibits; Exposure to; Family; Family Process; Funding Opportunities; Goals; Growth; Health; Home; Household; Impairment; Income; Interdisciplinary Study; Language; Language Development; Language Development Disorders; Lead; Life; Linguistics; Longitudinal Studies; Low income; Maps; Measurement; Mediating; Mediator of activation protein; Medical Records; Mental Health; Minority; Modeling; Mothers; Outcome; Parent-Child Relations; Pathway interactions; Physiological; Physiology; Population Research; Poverty; Procedures; Reduce health disparities; Research; Research Support; Risk; Role; Schools; Socioeconomic Status; Stress; Structure; Testing; Time; Urban Hospitals; Visit; Work; biological adaptation to stress; caregiver stress; design; experience; federal poverty level; health disparity; improved; in vivo; innovation; low socioeconomic status; perceived stress; skills; socioeconomic disparity; stressor; theories

Project Summary/Abstract The goal of this study is to identify early risk for developmental language disorder (DLD) among young, low- income children, and to determine how caregiver and child chronic stress and interaction quality interact to disrupt language growth among these vulnerable children. The study is designed to address disparities in the rate of DLD among young children, with low-income children disproportionately affected (Norbury et al., 2017). The long-term objective is to identify pathways through which early family contexts and the conditions of poverty disrupt early language trajectories among low-income children and contribute to heightened rates of DLD. The proposed longitudinal study addresses three specific aims regarding low-income dyads: (1) to identify whether and to what extent caregiver stress affects their young children’s language trajectories and DLD status at 54 months; (2) to identify the extent to which children’s physiological stress contributes to their early language trajectories and DLD status at 54 months, and determine whether it is a key mediator of caregiver stress on these outcomes; and (3) to determine the interplay among caregiver stress, child stress, and caregiver-child interactions for their effects on children’s early language trajectories and DLD status at 54 months. Study procedures involve ascertainment of 320 low-income mothers and their 6- to 11-month-old children using medical records from a large urban hospital; eligible dyads will reside in households at or below 200% of the federal poverty level. Measurements are collected thrice annually (one study visit, two in vivo observations) to comprehensively map family processes and experiences, caregiver-child interaction quality, caregiver stress and stress physiology, child stress physiology, and children’s linguistic trajectories until 54 months. The initial two study aims are addressed using multi-level growth models, with caregiver and child stress, respectively, as time-varying predictors. The third study aim uses multilevel path analyses to examine the interplay among child and caregiver stress, caregiver-child interactions, and children’s language trajectories and DLD status at 54 months.

项目摘要/摘要 这项研究的目的是确定年轻，低 - 收入的孩子，并确定照顾者和儿童慢性压力和互动质量如何相互作用 这些脆弱儿童中的语言增长。该研究旨在解决 年幼儿童的DLD率，低收入儿童受到不成比例的影响（Norbury等，2017）。 长期目标是确定早期家庭环境和条件的途径 低收入儿童的贫困破坏早期语言轨迹，并促进 DLD。拟议的纵向研究针对低收入二元组的三个具体目的：（1）至 确定照顾者的压力是否以及在何种程度上影响其幼儿的语言轨迹以及 54个月的DLD状态； （2）确定孩子的身体压力在多大程度上促进他们的 早期语言轨迹和54个月的DLD状态，并确定它是否是 照顾者对这些结果的压力； （3）确定护理人员压力，儿童压力之间的相互作用， 和照顾者 - 孩子的互动对儿童早期语言轨迹的影响和DLD状态为54 月份。研究程序涉及确定320个低收入母亲及其6至11个月大 儿童使用大型城市医院的病历；合格的二元组将居住在或以下的家庭中 联邦贫困水平的200％。每年收集三次测量（一次研究访问，两次体内 观察）全面绘制家庭过程和经验，照顾者与儿童的互动质量， 护理人员压力和压力生理，儿童压力生理学和儿童语言轨迹直到54 月份。最初的两个研究目标是使用多层增长模型解决的，带有照料者和儿童 压力分别为时变的预测因子。第三项研究目的使用多级路径分析进行检查 儿童和照料者压力，照料者 - 孩子互动以及儿童语言之间的相互作用 54个月的轨迹和DLD状态。