Capacity Building for Neurodevelopmental Research on Maya Children’s Language Environment

项目摘要 这项探索性/发展性研究补助金将为全球大脑和神经提供支持 通过两个重点：(1)为可持续的神经发展奠定基础。 墨西哥尤卡坦州的卫生研究能力侧重于大脑发育的早期 以及(2)提高对尤卡特克玛雅儿童早期影响的理解 语言轨迹。具体目标1是提高设在墨西哥的SolylunaA.C.的当地研究能力。 计划、进行和传播关于语言特有的神经发育功能和障碍的研究 在尤卡特克玛雅儿童中。具体目标2是对家庭环境进行试点纵向研究 以及它对尤卡特克玛雅儿童早期语言轨迹的影响。对于后者，我们使用行为 西班牙语和玛雅语言技能的测量，用于近似皮质结构和功能 支持语言的大脑区域。 为了实现目标1，我们开展了为期两年的活动，旨在发展 在八个方面的研究伦理和人类主体保护，(2)参与者 征聘、筛选、入学和维持；(3)在#年实施儿童语言评估 具有诚信的玛雅和西班牙语，(4)制定、试点和实施照顾者问卷， (5)实施观测工具来测量家庭环境，(6)数据输入、清洁和 数据库管理，(7)数据分析和解释，以及(8)传播。这些能力将 将在六个能力建设讲习班和协调一致的数据分析工作会议上明确讨论这些问题。这个 总部设在俄亥俄州立大学的团队和专家顾问在所有八个领域都有专业知识，并为 经验与纵向试点研究一致。 为了实现目标2，我们设计、实施和传播了一项纵向试点研究，涉及100个3- 一岁的尤卡特克玛雅儿童和他们的照顾者。二人组将参加为期18个月的学习活动 句号。暂时，我们希望在基线和儿童阶段收集一份全面的照顾者问卷 在大约4到5个月间隔的4个时间点进行语言评估和家庭观察。家 观察包括旨在衡量照顾者幸福感、家庭困难、亲子关系的活动 互动质量，以及接触儿童指导的谈话。多水平增长曲线模型将用于 调查在四个时间点捕获的儿童的语言轨迹，并检查 这些轨迹的家庭环境指数。

Project Summary This Exploratory/Developmental Research Grant will provide support for `global brain and nervous system disorders research across the lifespan' via two foci: (1) developing foundations for sustainable neuro- health research capacity in Mexico's Yucatán state focused on the early years of brain development for Yucatec Maya children, and (2) improving understanding of influences on Yucatec Maya children's early language trajectories. Specific Aim 1 is to improve local research capacity at the Mexico-based Solyluna A.C. to plan, conduct, and disseminate research on language-specific neurodevelopmental function and disorders among Yucatec Maya children. Specific Aim 2 is to conduct a pilot longitudinal study of the home environment and its influence on Yucatec Maya children's early language trajectories. For the latter, we use behavioral measures of Spanish and Mayan language skill, which serve to approximate the cortical structure and function of language-supporting brain regions. To address Aim 1, we engage in two-years of activities designed to develop the research capabilities of the Solyluna-based team in eight areas: (1) research ethics and human-subject protections, (2) participant recruitment, screening, enrollment, and maintenance; (3) implementation of child language assessments in Mayan and Spanish with integrity, (4) development, piloting, and implementation of caregiver questionnaires, (5) implementation of observational tools to measure the home environment, (6) data-entry, cleaning, and database management, (7) data analyses and interpretation, and (8) dissemination. These competencies will be explicitly addressed in six capacity-building workshops and aligned data-analysis working sessions. The OSU-based team and expert consultants have expertise in all eight areas and also bring substantive experience aligned to the longitudinal pilot study. To address Aim 2, we design, implement, and disseminate a longitudinal pilot study involving 100 3- year-old Yucatec Maya children and their caregivers. Dyads will participate in study activities over an 18-month period. Tentatively, we expect to collect a comprehensive caregiver questionnaire at baseline and child language assessments and home observations at 4 time-points with roughly 4- to 5-month intervals. Home observations include activities designed to measure caregiver well-being, household hardship, parent-child interaction quality, and exposure to child-directed talk. Multilevel growth-curve models will be used to investigate the language trajectories for children captured at four time-points and to examine the contribution of the home-environment indices to these trajectories.