SES-Related Disparities in Early Language Development and Child Risk for Developmental Language Disorder

项目总结/摘要 本研究的目的是了解COVID-19危机以及相关变化如何影响 照顾者的痛苦和与婴儿的互动，影响婴儿语言发展超过12- 月期间。我们建议收集重复测量的调查和录像 来自SMALL Talk儿童-婴儿配对子样本（n = 100）的交互数据， 2019冠状病毒病大流行的一年。SMALL Talk正在积极招募和面试低收入者 在城市地区研究儿童发育风险的预测因子 语言障碍（DLD）54个月。DLD在低社会经济地位儿童中尤其高 （Norbury等人，2016）。然而，在DLD风险方面， 低社会经济地位儿童（Schwab & Lew-Williams，2016），这可能会进一步加剧 2019冠状病毒病疫情。通过这个补充项目，我们的目标是评估，在一年内， 2019冠状病毒病疫情：（1）2019冠状病毒病相关形式及压力和资源的频率 低收入照顾者的需求;（2）婴儿与主要 和二级照顾者在多个，短期的时间间隔;和（3）如何COVID-19相关 压力源、照顾者的痛苦和获得资源的机会影响婴儿与婴儿的互动， 幼儿语言发展我们将使用远程智能手机技术收集- 线调查数据和视频记录的婴儿与婴儿的互动多次在此期间， 一年期。这项补充赠款的创新方面包括收集多个 幼儿与婴儿的互动，包括二级幼儿与婴儿的互动，以及使用智能- 电话技术，在弱势群体中进行家庭评估， 数字数据收集研究，包括COVID-19研究（Lourenco & Tasimi，2020）。我们 将使用多水平随机效应模型来评估护理人员痛苦之间的关联， 幼儿-婴儿互动的特征（包括语言使用和学习质量），以及 幼儿语言发展我们将与主要利益相关者分享这些信息， 制定方案和政策，以满足低收入家庭的迫切需要， 婴儿。我们还将发布快速、开放获取的研究文章和政策简报， 低收入家庭中与COVID-19相关的不稳定和压力的证据及其状况 在短期和长期内影响幼儿与婴儿的互动和儿童语言发展。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The goal of this study is to understand how the COVID-19 crisis, and related changes in caregiver distress and interactions with infants, affects infant language development over a 12- month period. We propose to gather repeated measures of survey and video-recorded interaction data from a subsample (n = 100) of SMALL Talk caregiver-infant dyads during one- year of the COVID-19 pandemic. SMALL Talk is actively recruiting and interviewing low-income caregiver-infant dyads in an urban area to study predictors of children's risk of developmental language disorder (DLD) by 54 months. DLD is particularly high among low-SES children (Norbury et al., 2016). However, there are equally important inequalities for DLD risk among low-SES children (Schwab & Lew-Williams, 2016), which may be further exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Through this supplemental project, we aim to assess, during one year of the COVID-19 pandemic: (1) COVID-19-related forms and frequency of stress and resource needs among low-income caregivers with infants; (2) caregiver-infant interactions with primary and secondary caregivers at multiple, short-term intervals; and (3) how COVID-19-related stressors, caregiver distress, and access to resources affect caregiver-infant interactions and infant language development. We will use remote smart-phone based technology to gather on- line survey data and video recordings of caregiver-infant interactions multiple times during this one-year period. Innovative aspects of this supplemental grant include collecting multiple caregiver-infant interactions, including secondary caregiver-infant interactions, and using smart- phone technology to conduct in-home assessments among vulnerable groups who are often left out of digital data collection studies, including COVID-19 studies (Lourenco & Tasimi, 2020). We will use multi-level random-effects models to assess associations among caregiver distress, features of caregiver-infant interactions (including language use and caregiving quality), and infant language development. We will share this information with key stakeholders to inform the development of programs and policies to meet immediate needs of low-income families with infants. We will also publish rapid, open-access research articles and policy briefs to share evidence of COVID-19-related instability and stress in low-income families and how they are affect caregiver-infant interactions and child language development in the short- and long-term.