Examining Sleep, Circadian Rhythms, and Cognitive Functioning in Older Adults at Risk of Dementia

检查有痴呆风险的老年人的睡眠、昼夜节律和认知功能

• 批准号: 10606971
• 负责人: Celina F McDowell
• 金额: $ 3.68万
• 依托单位: BOSTON UNIVERSITY (CHARLES RIVER CAMPUS)
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-07-01 至 2026-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10606971
• 关键词: Adult; Age; Age-associated memory impairment; Aging; Alzheimer' s Disease; Alzheimer' s disease risk; Attention; Behavior; Behavioral; Boston; Cause of Death; Circadian Dysregulation; Circadian Rhythms; Clinical Investigator; Cognition; Cognitive; Communities; Dementia; Detection; Disease; Early Diagnosis; Early treatment; Elderly; Evaluation; Exhibits; Fellowship; General Hospitals; Home; Hospitals; Hour; Impaired cognition; Light; Massachusetts; Measures; Melatonin; Memory; Monitor; Nerve Degeneration; Neurodegenerative Disorders; Neuropsychological Tests; Neuropsychology; Outcome; Participant; Pathology; Patient Self-Report; Performance; Phase; Physiology; Population; Predictive Factor; Psyche structure; Research; Research Methodology; Rest; Risk; Risk Factors; Short-Term Memory; Signal Transduction; Sleep; Sleep Disorders; Sleep disturbances; Stress; System; Techniques; Testing; Time; Training; Universities; Woman; Work; Wrist; actigraphy; career; circadian; cognitive ability; cognitive change; cognitive function; cognitive performance; dementia risk; diaries; disability; executive function; experience; flexibility; functional disability; human old age (65+); interest; mild cognitive impairment; modifiable lifestyle factors; perceived stress; pre-clinical; protective factors; saliva sample; sleep pattern; symptom treatment

PROJECT SUMMARY / ABSTRACT Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that leads to cognitive and functional impairment, and is a leading cause of death and disability in aging populations. As there is no cure for AD, current research is focused on understanding early cognitive and behavioral changes to aid in earlier diagnosis and treatment implementation. Older adults are prone to experiencing cognitive changes and changes in sleep function and circadian rhythms, which regulate timing of physiology and behavior across the 24-hour day. Sleep and circadian rhythm disturbances negatively impact cognitive functioning, and are associated with increased risk of cognitive decline and AD dementia. Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is one of the earliest observable changes preceding objective mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and often signals the need for a cognitive evaluation. There is a paucity of research examining circadian rhythm disturbances in adults experiencing SCD, and it is not well understood how circadian rhythm disturbances may relate to changes in cognitive functioning in this population. Associations with other factors known to relate to sleep and cognitive functions, such as stress, are also understudied in this group. Examining circadian rhythm timing, their associations with cognitive functions, and the influence of stress on these relations in SCD may reveal predictive factors or treatments of cognitive decline targeted to the circadian timing system. The proposed study will examine circadian rhythm timing and cognitive functioning in adults over 50 who (a) are experiencing SCD, (b) have MCI, and (c) are cognitively intact. Dim light melatonin onset (DLMO) testing, actigraphy, and neuropsychological measures will be used to compare circadian rhythm timing and cognitive functioning across these groups (N=90; 30 in each group). This study aims to examine: (1) differences in circadian rhythm timing between study groups; (2) associations between circadian rhythm timing and cognitive functioning in these three groups; and (3) whether perceived stress moderates these associations. It is hypothesized that adults with SCD and MCI will exhibit advanced circadian phase, increased fragmentation, and increased sleep irregularity compared to age-matched cognitively intact adults; that these circadian disruptions will be associated with worse cognitive performance on objective neuropsychological tests; and these associations will be moderated by stress ratings. Through this fellowship, the applicant will gain valuable experience and hands-on training in sleep and neuropsychological research methods and analyses, enabling her to comprehensively examine sleep-related risks of cognitive decline and AD. Furthermore, she will build a network through training and research engagement at Boston University, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and Massachusetts General Hospital. Together, these experiences will provide her with a deeper understanding of the relations between cognition and sleep in aging populations, and will prepare her for a career as a clinical investigator of predictors and outcomes of age-related cognitive decline.

项目摘要/摘要 阿尔茨海默病(AD)是一种进行性神经退行性疾病，导致认知和功能障碍 损伤，是导致老龄人口死亡和残疾的主要原因。由于阿尔茨海默病无法治愈， 目前的研究重点是了解早期认知和行为的变化，以帮助早期诊断 和治疗落实。老年人容易经历认知变化和睡眠变化 功能和昼夜节律，调节一天24小时内生理和行为的时间安排。 睡眠和昼夜节律紊乱会对认知功能产生负面影响，并与 认知能力下降和阿尔茨海默病的风险增加。主观认知衰退(SCD)是最早的认知衰退之一 在客观轻度认知障碍(MCI)之前可观察到的变化，通常标志着需要 认知评价。对成年人昼夜节律紊乱的研究很少。 正在经历SCD，目前还不太清楚昼夜节律紊乱如何与 这一人群的认知功能。与其他已知与睡眠和认知有关的因素的关系 应激等功能在这一组中也未得到充分研究。研究昼夜节律计时，他们的 SCD与认知功能的关系，以及压力对这些关系的影响可能揭示 针对昼夜节律系统的认知衰退的预测因素或治疗。 这项拟议的研究将检测50岁以上成年人的昼夜节律时间和认知功能。 (A)正在经历SCD，(B)有MCI，以及(C)认知完好。暗光褪黑素起病(DLMO) 测试、动作图和神经心理学测量将被用来比较昼夜节律的节律和 这些组的认知功能(N=90，每组30人)。本研究旨在探讨：(1) 不同研究组之间昼夜节律计时的差异；(2)昼夜节律计时之间的关系 这三组人的认知功能；以及(3)感知的压力是否缓和了这些 联想。据推测，患有SCD和MCI的成年人将表现出晚期昼夜节律期，增加 与年龄匹配、认知功能完好的成年人相比，碎片和睡眠不规律增加；这些 昼夜节律紊乱与客观神经心理方面的认知表现较差有关 测试；而这些联系将通过压力评级来缓和。通过这项奖学金，申请者将 在睡眠和神经心理学研究方法方面获得宝贵的经验和实践培训 分析，使她能够全面检查与睡眠相关的认知衰退和阿尔茨海默病的风险。 此外，她将通过在波士顿大学布里格姆分校的培训和研究活动建立一个网络 妇女医院和马萨诸塞州综合医院。总之，这些经历将为她提供 随着对老龄化人口中认知和睡眠之间关系的深入了解，并将 为她的职业生涯做好准备，成为一名临床调查员，研究与年龄相关的认知下降的预测因素和结果。