Sleep, Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior and Cognitive Function

项目摘要 预计未来几十年阿尔茨海默病和相关痴呆症(ADRD)的增加 由于目前缺乏疾病修改治疗，突出了确定可修改因素的必要性，这些因素可能 预防或推迟ADRD的发病。睡眠障碍，低水平的体力活动(PA)和高水平的 久坐行为在老年人中很常见，每种行为都被确定为 预防ADRD。尽管这些健康行为是相互关联的，但大多数研究只是 同时研究一个或最多两个。这些健康行为的独立和共同贡献 认知功能减退和轻度认知损害(MCI)的风险尚未得到充分研究。此外，还有许多 以前的研究受到对睡眠和活动水平的主观评估的依赖以及缺乏 纵向数据。在这个已确立的爱因斯坦老龄化研究计划项目的更新中(EAS P01； NIA-AG03949)，我们将综合客观的睡眠(手腕活动描记)、体力活动测量 和久坐行为(大腿佩戴的传感器)，具有传统的和动态的认知评估，健壮 心脏代谢风险概况、炎症措施、心理社会和人口因素，以及基于血液的 EAS P01岩心和其他项目支持的ADRD生物标志物。目标1将审查独立的 睡眠、PA和久坐行为以及这些行为的模式对日常认知的联合影响 表现、认知减退率和MCI发生率。目标2将研究睡眠和 测量心血管危险因素、促炎和抗炎细胞因子以及脑血管的活动 结构和功能，并将决定这些因素是否在睡眠、PA和 久坐行为与认知结果有关。目标3将考察种族、社会力量和韧性因素 与睡眠、PA和久坐行为以及认知能力下降有关。更好地了解 睡眠、PA和久坐行为的独立和联合影响及其相互联系的机制 痴呆症发作前的认知能力下降有可能使有针对性的行为干预延迟 ADRD的发病。确定种族和社会力量与这些健康行为和 认知结果可能解释导致ADRD发生率和潜伏期种族差异的因素 旨在缩小差距的预防目标。将AIMS与其他项目相结合将使我们能够进一步 探索将这些健康行为与ADRD风险联系起来的机制。

PROJECT ABSTRACT The projected increase in Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) in the coming decades, paired with the current lack of disease modifying treatments highlights the need to identify modifiable factors that may prevent or delay ADRD onset. Sleep disturbances, low levels of physical activity (PA) and high levels of sedentary behavior are common among older adults and each has been identified as a potential target for prevention of ADRD. Although these health behaviors are interrelated, the majority of studies have only studied one or at most two at the same time. The independent and joint contributions of these health behaviors to cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) risk have not been fully examined. Further, many prior studies have been limited by reliance on subjective assessments of sleep and activity levels and by lack of longitudinal data. In this renewal of the well-established Einstein Aging Study Program Project (EAS P01; NIA- AG03949), we will integrate objective ambulatory measures of sleep (wrist actigraphy), physical activity and sedentary behavior (thigh-worn sensors) with traditional and ambulatory cognitive assessments, robust cardiometabolic risk profiles, inflammatory measures, psychosocial and demographic factors, and blood based ADRD biomarkers supported by the EAS P01 Cores and other Projects. Aim 1 will examine the independent and joint effects of sleep, PA, and sedentary behavior and patterns of these behaviors on daily cognitive performance, rates of cognitive decline, and MCI incidence. Aim 2 will examine associations of sleep and activity with measures of cardiovascular risk factors, pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines and cerebrovascular structure and function and will determine whether these factors mediate associations between sleep, PA and sedentary behavior with cognitive outcomes. Aim 3 will examine how race, social forces and resilience factors are related to sleep, PA and sedentary behavior and to cognitive decline. Better understanding the independent and joint effects of sleep, PA and sedentary behavior and the mechanisms linking them to cognitive decline prior to dementia onset has the potential to inform targeted behavioral interventions to delay onset of ADRD. Identifying the associations of race and social forces with these health behaviors and with cognitive outcomes may elucidate factors which underlie racial differences in rates of ADRD and potential prevention targets to diminish disparities. Cross linking aims with the other projects will allow us to further explore mechanisms linking these health behaviors to ADRD risk.